Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 053114 |
| Journal | Physical Review A |
| Volume | 106 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| Publication status | Published - 23 Nov 2022 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Active optical frequency standards provide interesting alternatives to their passive counterparts. Particularly, such a clock alone continuously generates highly stable narrow-line laser radiation. Thus, a local oscillator is not required to keep the optical phase during a dead time between interrogations as in passive clocks, but only to boost the active clock's low output power to practically usable levels with the current state of technology. Here we investigate the spectral properties and the stability of active clocks, including homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening effects. We find that for short averaging times the stability is limited by photon shot noise from the limited emitted laser power and at long averaging times by phase diffusion of the laser output. Operational parameters for best long-term stability were identified. Using realistic numbers for an active clock with Sr87, we find that optimized stability of σy(τ)≈4×10-18/τ[s] is achievable.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
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In: Physical Review A, Vol. 106, No. 5, 053114, 23.11.2022.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Ultimate stability of active optical frequency standards
AU - Kazakov, Georgy A.
AU - Dubey, Swadheen
AU - Bychek, Anna
AU - Sterr, Uwe
AU - Bober, Marcin
AU - Zawada, Michał
N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge support from Project 17FUN03 USOQS, which has received funding from the EMPIR programme cofinanced by the participating states and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme Quantum Flagship Projects No. 820404 “iqClock” and No. 860579 “MoSaiQC”, by Narodowe Centrum Nauki (Quantera Q-Clocks 2017/25/Z/ST2/03021), and by SFB 1227 DQ-mat, Project-ID 274200144, within Project B02. Numerical simulations were performed with the open source frameworks DifferentialEquations.jl . The graphs were produced using the open source plotting library Matplotlib .
PY - 2022/11/23
Y1 - 2022/11/23
N2 - Active optical frequency standards provide interesting alternatives to their passive counterparts. Particularly, such a clock alone continuously generates highly stable narrow-line laser radiation. Thus, a local oscillator is not required to keep the optical phase during a dead time between interrogations as in passive clocks, but only to boost the active clock's low output power to practically usable levels with the current state of technology. Here we investigate the spectral properties and the stability of active clocks, including homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening effects. We find that for short averaging times the stability is limited by photon shot noise from the limited emitted laser power and at long averaging times by phase diffusion of the laser output. Operational parameters for best long-term stability were identified. Using realistic numbers for an active clock with Sr87, we find that optimized stability of σy(τ)≈4×10-18/τ[s] is achievable.
AB - Active optical frequency standards provide interesting alternatives to their passive counterparts. Particularly, such a clock alone continuously generates highly stable narrow-line laser radiation. Thus, a local oscillator is not required to keep the optical phase during a dead time between interrogations as in passive clocks, but only to boost the active clock's low output power to practically usable levels with the current state of technology. Here we investigate the spectral properties and the stability of active clocks, including homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening effects. We find that for short averaging times the stability is limited by photon shot noise from the limited emitted laser power and at long averaging times by phase diffusion of the laser output. Operational parameters for best long-term stability were identified. Using realistic numbers for an active clock with Sr87, we find that optimized stability of σy(τ)≈4×10-18/τ[s] is achievable.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143199987&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.48550/arXiv.2205.14130
DO - 10.48550/arXiv.2205.14130
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85143199987
VL - 106
JO - Physical Review A
JF - Physical Review A
SN - 2469-9926
IS - 5
M1 - 053114
ER -