Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 202-217 |
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | Transportation Research, Part A: Policy and Practice |
| Volume | 153 |
| Early online date | 7 Sept 2021 |
| Publication status | Published - Nov 2021 |
Abstract
The Covid 19 pandemic has caused dramatic disruptions in the public transport sector that has seen a stark downturn in many cities across the globe, calling into question previous efforts to reduce air pollution and CO2 emissions by expanding this sector. Especially, the current surge of individual car use is worrying and the question remains which users might be able and willing to substitute public transport by cycling. This effect is interesting to study for the case of Hanover Region, because of the well-developed biking infrastructure that makes biking a viable alternative to individual car use. In this paper, we analyze survey data from June 2020 on the use of transportation modes before and during the pandemic in the Hanover Region. We ask if and how the over 4.000 participants substitute public transport and what characterizes those who chose biking over individual car use. We use multivariate regression models and find evidence that Stadtbahn (local light rail) and bus are substituted by bike, car and working from home, while train use is not significantly replaced by car and seems to be positively related to bike use. The data also shows that women have a higher level of fear of infection than men have during public transport use and therefore reduce public transport use more. Moreover, income displays a positive effect on increased car use while cycling is independent of socio-economic indicators but instead driven by the eco-consciousness of users. Surprisingly, we find that car use was increased in particular by residents of Hanover city, while it was decreased by residents of less densely populated urban areas in the region.
Keywords
- Covid 19, Public transport, Spatial embeddedness, Substitutability, Transport disruption, Travel behavior
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Social Sciences(all)
- Transportation
- Engineering(all)
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- Decision Sciences(all)
- Management Science and Operations Research
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Transportation Research, Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 153, 11.2021, p. 202-217.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Transport disrupted
T2 - Substituting public transport by bike or car under Covid 19
AU - Schaefer, Kerstin Jutta
AU - Tuitjer, Anne Leonie Georgine
AU - Levin-Keitel, Meike
N1 - Funding Information: Foremost, we would like to thank the participants of the study project mobility of the future 2020 for their excellent work on the survey. We would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped improve the manuscript. We also would like to thank Lennart Schott and Louis Knuepling for their feedback on the paper and Lukas Arndt for contributing to the cleaning of spatial data. Moreover, we would like to thank Klaus Geschwinder from Region Hannover for his support in distributing the survey.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - The Covid 19 pandemic has caused dramatic disruptions in the public transport sector that has seen a stark downturn in many cities across the globe, calling into question previous efforts to reduce air pollution and CO2 emissions by expanding this sector. Especially, the current surge of individual car use is worrying and the question remains which users might be able and willing to substitute public transport by cycling. This effect is interesting to study for the case of Hanover Region, because of the well-developed biking infrastructure that makes biking a viable alternative to individual car use. In this paper, we analyze survey data from June 2020 on the use of transportation modes before and during the pandemic in the Hanover Region. We ask if and how the over 4.000 participants substitute public transport and what characterizes those who chose biking over individual car use. We use multivariate regression models and find evidence that Stadtbahn (local light rail) and bus are substituted by bike, car and working from home, while train use is not significantly replaced by car and seems to be positively related to bike use. The data also shows that women have a higher level of fear of infection than men have during public transport use and therefore reduce public transport use more. Moreover, income displays a positive effect on increased car use while cycling is independent of socio-economic indicators but instead driven by the eco-consciousness of users. Surprisingly, we find that car use was increased in particular by residents of Hanover city, while it was decreased by residents of less densely populated urban areas in the region.
AB - The Covid 19 pandemic has caused dramatic disruptions in the public transport sector that has seen a stark downturn in many cities across the globe, calling into question previous efforts to reduce air pollution and CO2 emissions by expanding this sector. Especially, the current surge of individual car use is worrying and the question remains which users might be able and willing to substitute public transport by cycling. This effect is interesting to study for the case of Hanover Region, because of the well-developed biking infrastructure that makes biking a viable alternative to individual car use. In this paper, we analyze survey data from June 2020 on the use of transportation modes before and during the pandemic in the Hanover Region. We ask if and how the over 4.000 participants substitute public transport and what characterizes those who chose biking over individual car use. We use multivariate regression models and find evidence that Stadtbahn (local light rail) and bus are substituted by bike, car and working from home, while train use is not significantly replaced by car and seems to be positively related to bike use. The data also shows that women have a higher level of fear of infection than men have during public transport use and therefore reduce public transport use more. Moreover, income displays a positive effect on increased car use while cycling is independent of socio-economic indicators but instead driven by the eco-consciousness of users. Surprisingly, we find that car use was increased in particular by residents of Hanover city, while it was decreased by residents of less densely populated urban areas in the region.
KW - Covid 19
KW - Public transport
KW - Spatial embeddedness
KW - Substitutability
KW - Transport disruption
KW - Travel behavior
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115634620&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tra.2021.09.002
DO - 10.1016/j.tra.2021.09.002
M3 - Article
VL - 153
SP - 202
EP - 217
JO - Transportation Research, Part A: Policy and Practice
JF - Transportation Research, Part A: Policy and Practice
SN - 0965-8564
ER -