Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 337 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Applied Sciences (Switzerland) |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Publication status | Published - 2 Jan 2020 |
Abstract
An investigation on the feasibility of utilizing Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) for simultaneous measurement of Surrounding Refractive Index (SRI) and temperature using a single sensor element based on an etched OM4 Graded Index Multi Mode Fiber (GI-MMF) with an integrated fiber Bragg Grating (BG), is presented. The proposed work is focused on the concept of principle mode groups (PMGs) generated by the OM4 GI-MMF whose response to SRI and temperature would be different and thus discrimination of the said two parameters can be achieved simultaneously via a single sensor element. Results indicate that the response of all PMGs to temperature to be equal, i.e., 11.4 pm/°C, while the response to SRI depends on each PMG. Thus, it is evident that temperature "de-coupled" SRI measurement can be achieved by deducing the temperature effects experienced by the sensor element. Sensitivity of the PMGs to applied SRI varied from 3.04 nm/RIU to of 0.22 nm/RIU from the highest to lowest PMG, respectively. The results verify that it is feasible to obtain dual measurement of SRI and temperature simultaneously using the same, i.e., single, sensing element.
Keywords
- Bragg grating (BG), Few-mode fiber (FMF), Fiber optic sensor (FOS), Mode division multiplexing (MDM), Multi-mode fiber bragg grating, Multi-parameter sensing, Principle mode groups (PMG)
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- General Materials Science
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Instrumentation
- Engineering(all)
- General Engineering
- Chemical Engineering(all)
- Process Chemistry and Technology
- Computer Science(all)
- Computer Science Applications
- Chemical Engineering(all)
- Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes
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In: Applied Sciences (Switzerland), Vol. 10, No. 1, 337, 02.01.2020.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Towards mode-multiplexed fiber sensors
T2 - An investigation on the spectral response of etched graded index OM4 multi-mode fiber with bragg grating for refractive index and temperature measurement
AU - Bremer, Kort
AU - Alwis, Lourdes Shanika Malindi
AU - Zheng, Yulong
AU - Roth, Bernhard Wilhelm
N1 - Funding Information: Bernhard Roth acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy within the Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (EXC 2122, Project ID 390833453). The authors would like to acknowledge the work from Jörg Neumann, Michael Steinke and Sebastian Böhm from the Laser Zentrum Hannover for etching the GI-MMF.
PY - 2020/1/2
Y1 - 2020/1/2
N2 - An investigation on the feasibility of utilizing Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) for simultaneous measurement of Surrounding Refractive Index (SRI) and temperature using a single sensor element based on an etched OM4 Graded Index Multi Mode Fiber (GI-MMF) with an integrated fiber Bragg Grating (BG), is presented. The proposed work is focused on the concept of principle mode groups (PMGs) generated by the OM4 GI-MMF whose response to SRI and temperature would be different and thus discrimination of the said two parameters can be achieved simultaneously via a single sensor element. Results indicate that the response of all PMGs to temperature to be equal, i.e., 11.4 pm/°C, while the response to SRI depends on each PMG. Thus, it is evident that temperature "de-coupled" SRI measurement can be achieved by deducing the temperature effects experienced by the sensor element. Sensitivity of the PMGs to applied SRI varied from 3.04 nm/RIU to of 0.22 nm/RIU from the highest to lowest PMG, respectively. The results verify that it is feasible to obtain dual measurement of SRI and temperature simultaneously using the same, i.e., single, sensing element.
AB - An investigation on the feasibility of utilizing Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) for simultaneous measurement of Surrounding Refractive Index (SRI) and temperature using a single sensor element based on an etched OM4 Graded Index Multi Mode Fiber (GI-MMF) with an integrated fiber Bragg Grating (BG), is presented. The proposed work is focused on the concept of principle mode groups (PMGs) generated by the OM4 GI-MMF whose response to SRI and temperature would be different and thus discrimination of the said two parameters can be achieved simultaneously via a single sensor element. Results indicate that the response of all PMGs to temperature to be equal, i.e., 11.4 pm/°C, while the response to SRI depends on each PMG. Thus, it is evident that temperature "de-coupled" SRI measurement can be achieved by deducing the temperature effects experienced by the sensor element. Sensitivity of the PMGs to applied SRI varied from 3.04 nm/RIU to of 0.22 nm/RIU from the highest to lowest PMG, respectively. The results verify that it is feasible to obtain dual measurement of SRI and temperature simultaneously using the same, i.e., single, sensing element.
KW - Bragg grating (BG)
KW - Few-mode fiber (FMF)
KW - Fiber optic sensor (FOS)
KW - Mode division multiplexing (MDM)
KW - Multi-mode fiber bragg grating
KW - Multi-parameter sensing
KW - Principle mode groups (PMG)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079208385&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/app10010337
DO - 10.3390/app10010337
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85079208385
VL - 10
JO - Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
JF - Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
SN - 2076-3417
IS - 1
M1 - 337
ER -