Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 51-63 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry |
| Volume | 28 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Early online date | 26 Aug 2008 |
| Publication status | Published - Jan 2009 |
Abstract
We give examples of the application of the concepts and the philosophy of reference matrices, which were developed within the IUPAC Project on reference soils. These reference matrices are intended for assessing extrinsic properties of chemicals. We show how reference matrices, together with well-established reference substances, form a harmonized testing system. This allows laboratory findings to be extrapolated, via the use of appropriate models, to real processes defining the pathways and the fate of environmental chemicals. Well-defined reference matrices increase environmental realism in chemical-risk assessment. Given increasing globalization and implementation of new legislation, most notably in Europe [new chemical regulation (REACH), the Water Framework Directive and the newly established Soil Framework Directive], there is even greater need for well-defined reference matrices. There is also a parallel need to test the environmental fate and the effects of chemicals and of new materials (e.g., artificial nanoparticles). We therefore foresee that, apart from terrestrial reference matrices, guidance on additional reference matrices (e.g., sediment and even biological materials) is an issue for further research. We outline suitable guidelines for selecting such matrices. However, we note that agreement on the optimal application of reference matrices and the interpretation of the results obtained in tests using reference materials needs to be reached between scientists, risk assessors, reference laboratories and international standardization organizations.
Keywords
- Chemical regulation, Chemical risk, Chemical testing, Environmental fate, Harmonized testing system, Nanoparticle, Reference matrix, Reference soil, Reference substance, Standardization
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- Analytical Chemistry
- Chemistry(all)
- Spectroscopy
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In: TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 28, No. 1, 01.2009, p. 51-63.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The reference-matrix concept applied to chemical testing of soils
AU - Kördel, Werner
AU - Peijnenburg, Willie
AU - Klein, Christoph Lorenz
AU - Kuhnt, Gerald
AU - Bussian, Bernd Michael
AU - Gawlik, Bernd Manfred
N1 - Funding Information: This work was partly supported by UBA (Federal Environment Agency), Contract UFOPLAN No FKZ 200 71 241 and FKZ 203 74 277. Copyright: Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2009/1
Y1 - 2009/1
N2 - We give examples of the application of the concepts and the philosophy of reference matrices, which were developed within the IUPAC Project on reference soils. These reference matrices are intended for assessing extrinsic properties of chemicals. We show how reference matrices, together with well-established reference substances, form a harmonized testing system. This allows laboratory findings to be extrapolated, via the use of appropriate models, to real processes defining the pathways and the fate of environmental chemicals. Well-defined reference matrices increase environmental realism in chemical-risk assessment. Given increasing globalization and implementation of new legislation, most notably in Europe [new chemical regulation (REACH), the Water Framework Directive and the newly established Soil Framework Directive], there is even greater need for well-defined reference matrices. There is also a parallel need to test the environmental fate and the effects of chemicals and of new materials (e.g., artificial nanoparticles). We therefore foresee that, apart from terrestrial reference matrices, guidance on additional reference matrices (e.g., sediment and even biological materials) is an issue for further research. We outline suitable guidelines for selecting such matrices. However, we note that agreement on the optimal application of reference matrices and the interpretation of the results obtained in tests using reference materials needs to be reached between scientists, risk assessors, reference laboratories and international standardization organizations.
AB - We give examples of the application of the concepts and the philosophy of reference matrices, which were developed within the IUPAC Project on reference soils. These reference matrices are intended for assessing extrinsic properties of chemicals. We show how reference matrices, together with well-established reference substances, form a harmonized testing system. This allows laboratory findings to be extrapolated, via the use of appropriate models, to real processes defining the pathways and the fate of environmental chemicals. Well-defined reference matrices increase environmental realism in chemical-risk assessment. Given increasing globalization and implementation of new legislation, most notably in Europe [new chemical regulation (REACH), the Water Framework Directive and the newly established Soil Framework Directive], there is even greater need for well-defined reference matrices. There is also a parallel need to test the environmental fate and the effects of chemicals and of new materials (e.g., artificial nanoparticles). We therefore foresee that, apart from terrestrial reference matrices, guidance on additional reference matrices (e.g., sediment and even biological materials) is an issue for further research. We outline suitable guidelines for selecting such matrices. However, we note that agreement on the optimal application of reference matrices and the interpretation of the results obtained in tests using reference materials needs to be reached between scientists, risk assessors, reference laboratories and international standardization organizations.
KW - Chemical regulation
KW - Chemical risk
KW - Chemical testing
KW - Environmental fate
KW - Harmonized testing system
KW - Nanoparticle
KW - Reference matrix
KW - Reference soil
KW - Reference substance
KW - Standardization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=58149267477&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.trac.2008.07.007
DO - 10.1016/j.trac.2008.07.007
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:58149267477
VL - 28
SP - 51
EP - 63
JO - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
JF - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
SN - 0165-9936
IS - 1
ER -