Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 7600-7608 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry |
| Volume | 50 |
| Issue number | 26 |
| Early online date | 14 Nov 2002 |
| Publication status | Published - 18 Dec 2002 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
The effects of the chloride salts LiCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, AlCl3, EuCl3, and FeCl3 and the iron salts FeCl2, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, FeSO4, and Fe2(SO4)3 on water conductance of exocarp segments (ES) and rates of water uptake into detached sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avium L. cv. Adriana, Early Rivers, Namare, Namosa, and Sam) were studied. ES were excised from the cheek of mature fruit and mounted in stainless steel diffusion cell; water penetration was monitored gravimetrically from donor solutions containing the above mineral salts into a PEG 6000 (osmolality = 1.14 osM, pH 4.8, 25 °C) receiver solution. Conductance of ES was calculated from the amount of water taken up per unit of surface area and time by dividing by the gradient in water activity across ES. LiCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, FeCl2, and FeSO4 had no significant effect on conductance, but AlCl3, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, and Fe2(SO4)3 significantly reduced conductance compared to water only as a donor. Also, EuCl3 lowered conductance; however, this effect was not always significant. Effects of salts on water conductance of ES and rates of water uptake into detached fruit were closely related (R2 = 0.97***). Upon application of an FeCl3-containing donor conductance decreased instantaneously. FeCl3 concentrations of <6.6 × 10-4 M had no effect on conductance, but concentrations at or above this threshold decreased conductance. FeCl3 lowered water conductance at a receiver pH of 4.8, but not at pH ≤2.6. The effect of FeCl3 on conductance was largest in cv. Namare and smallest in cv. Adriana. There was no significant effect of FeCl3 on conductance for transpiration. Formation of aluminum and iron oxides and hydroxides in the exocarp as a result of a pH gradient between donor and receiver solution is discussed as the potential mechanism for Fe3+ and Al3+ reducing conductance for water uptake.
Keywords
- Cation, Cuticle, Exocarp, Fruit cracking, Prunus avium, Water conductance, Water penetration
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- General Chemistry
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Cite this
- Standard
- Harvard
- Apa
- Vancouver
- BibTeX
- RIS
In: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 50, No. 26, 18.12.2002, p. 7600-7608.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Studies on water transport through the sweet cherry fruit surface. 7. Fe3+ and Al3+ reduce conductance for water uptake
AU - Beyer, Marco
AU - Peschel, Stefanie
AU - Weichert, Holger
AU - Knoche, Moritz
PY - 2002/12/18
Y1 - 2002/12/18
N2 - The effects of the chloride salts LiCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, AlCl3, EuCl3, and FeCl3 and the iron salts FeCl2, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, FeSO4, and Fe2(SO4)3 on water conductance of exocarp segments (ES) and rates of water uptake into detached sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avium L. cv. Adriana, Early Rivers, Namare, Namosa, and Sam) were studied. ES were excised from the cheek of mature fruit and mounted in stainless steel diffusion cell; water penetration was monitored gravimetrically from donor solutions containing the above mineral salts into a PEG 6000 (osmolality = 1.14 osM, pH 4.8, 25 °C) receiver solution. Conductance of ES was calculated from the amount of water taken up per unit of surface area and time by dividing by the gradient in water activity across ES. LiCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, FeCl2, and FeSO4 had no significant effect on conductance, but AlCl3, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, and Fe2(SO4)3 significantly reduced conductance compared to water only as a donor. Also, EuCl3 lowered conductance; however, this effect was not always significant. Effects of salts on water conductance of ES and rates of water uptake into detached fruit were closely related (R2 = 0.97***). Upon application of an FeCl3-containing donor conductance decreased instantaneously. FeCl3 concentrations of <6.6 × 10-4 M had no effect on conductance, but concentrations at or above this threshold decreased conductance. FeCl3 lowered water conductance at a receiver pH of 4.8, but not at pH ≤2.6. The effect of FeCl3 on conductance was largest in cv. Namare and smallest in cv. Adriana. There was no significant effect of FeCl3 on conductance for transpiration. Formation of aluminum and iron oxides and hydroxides in the exocarp as a result of a pH gradient between donor and receiver solution is discussed as the potential mechanism for Fe3+ and Al3+ reducing conductance for water uptake.
AB - The effects of the chloride salts LiCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, AlCl3, EuCl3, and FeCl3 and the iron salts FeCl2, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, FeSO4, and Fe2(SO4)3 on water conductance of exocarp segments (ES) and rates of water uptake into detached sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avium L. cv. Adriana, Early Rivers, Namare, Namosa, and Sam) were studied. ES were excised from the cheek of mature fruit and mounted in stainless steel diffusion cell; water penetration was monitored gravimetrically from donor solutions containing the above mineral salts into a PEG 6000 (osmolality = 1.14 osM, pH 4.8, 25 °C) receiver solution. Conductance of ES was calculated from the amount of water taken up per unit of surface area and time by dividing by the gradient in water activity across ES. LiCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, FeCl2, and FeSO4 had no significant effect on conductance, but AlCl3, FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, and Fe2(SO4)3 significantly reduced conductance compared to water only as a donor. Also, EuCl3 lowered conductance; however, this effect was not always significant. Effects of salts on water conductance of ES and rates of water uptake into detached fruit were closely related (R2 = 0.97***). Upon application of an FeCl3-containing donor conductance decreased instantaneously. FeCl3 concentrations of <6.6 × 10-4 M had no effect on conductance, but concentrations at or above this threshold decreased conductance. FeCl3 lowered water conductance at a receiver pH of 4.8, but not at pH ≤2.6. The effect of FeCl3 on conductance was largest in cv. Namare and smallest in cv. Adriana. There was no significant effect of FeCl3 on conductance for transpiration. Formation of aluminum and iron oxides and hydroxides in the exocarp as a result of a pH gradient between donor and receiver solution is discussed as the potential mechanism for Fe3+ and Al3+ reducing conductance for water uptake.
KW - Cation
KW - Cuticle
KW - Exocarp
KW - Fruit cracking
KW - Prunus avium
KW - Water conductance
KW - Water penetration
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037132515&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/jf020441x
DO - 10.1021/jf020441x
M3 - Article
C2 - 12475277
AN - SCOPUS:0037132515
VL - 50
SP - 7600
EP - 7608
JO - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
SN - 0021-8561
IS - 26
ER -