Sol–Gel-Process-Based Molten-Flux Synthesis of Plate-like La2NiO4+δ Particles

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Authors

  • Giamper Eliseo Escobar Cano
  • Yannick Brinkmann
  • Zhijun Zhao
  • Patrick André Kißling
  • Armin Feldhoff

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Details

Translated title of the contributionSol-Gel-Prozess-basierte Schmelzflusssynthese von plattenartigen La2NiO4+δ Partikeln
Original languageEnglish
Article number1346
Number of pages24
JournalCrystals
Volume12
Issue number10
Publication statusPublished - 24 Sept 2022

Abstract

La2NiO4+δ particles with a plate-like morphology were prepared from a NaOH melt by molten-flux synthesis. For this purpose, the intermediates from a sol–gel process were used as reactants. Using powder X-ray diffraction, the sol–gel intermediates were identified as a mixture of tetragonal La2O2CO3 and cubic NiO. The existence of NiO was also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron-energy loss spectroscopy. The ultrafine mixed sol–gel intermediates were then mixed with NaOH powder and additional water in a nickel crucible and heated to 673 K for 8 h. The chemical reactions in the air during the molten-flux synthesis and the influence of the salt on the formation of La2NiO4+δ were examined by thermogravimetric analysis. The powder X-ray diffraction indicated a K2NiF4-type tetragonal structure with the I4/mmm space group for the reaction product. The scanning electron microscopy showed plate-like La2NiO4+δ crystals with a length and thickness of approximately 9 µm and 2 µm, respectively, while the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a homogeneous distribution of lanthanum and nickel in the product powder. The influence of the processing parameters on the product generation, as well as on the size and morphology of the La2NiO4+δ particles, was systematically studied.

Keywords

    crystal growth, crystal morphology, La2NiO4+δ, molten-flux synthesis, Sol-gel process, sol–gel process, La NiO, NaOH melt

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

Sol–Gel-Process-Based Molten-Flux Synthesis of Plate-like La2NiO4+δ Particles. / Escobar Cano, Giamper Eliseo; Brinkmann, Yannick; Zhao, Zhijun et al.
In: Crystals, Vol. 12, No. 10, 1346, 24.09.2022.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review

Escobar Cano, G. E., Brinkmann, Y., Zhao, Z., Kißling, P. A., & Feldhoff, A. (2022). Sol–Gel-Process-Based Molten-Flux Synthesis of Plate-like La2NiO4+δ Particles. Crystals, 12(10), Article 1346. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12101346
Escobar Cano GE, Brinkmann Y, Zhao Z, Kißling PA, Feldhoff A. Sol–Gel-Process-Based Molten-Flux Synthesis of Plate-like La2NiO4+δ Particles. Crystals. 2022 Sept 24;12(10):1346. doi: 10.3390/cryst12101346
Escobar Cano, Giamper Eliseo ; Brinkmann, Yannick ; Zhao, Zhijun et al. / Sol–Gel-Process-Based Molten-Flux Synthesis of Plate-like La2NiO4+δ Particles. In: Crystals. 2022 ; Vol. 12, No. 10.
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abstract = "La2NiO4+δ particles with a plate-like morphology were prepared from a NaOH melt by molten-flux synthesis. For this purpose, the intermediates from a sol–gel process were used as reactants. Using powder X-ray diffraction, the sol–gel intermediates were identified as a mixture of tetragonal La2O2CO3 and cubic NiO. The existence of NiO was also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron-energy loss spectroscopy. The ultrafine mixed sol–gel intermediates were then mixed with NaOH powder and additional water in a nickel crucible and heated to 673 K for 8 h. The chemical reactions in the air during the molten-flux synthesis and the influence of the salt on the formation of La2NiO4+δ were examined by thermogravimetric analysis. The powder X-ray diffraction indicated a K2NiF4-type tetragonal structure with the I4/mmm space group for the reaction product. The scanning electron microscopy showed plate-like La2NiO4+δ crystals with a length and thickness of approximately 9 µm and 2 µm, respectively, while the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a homogeneous distribution of lanthanum and nickel in the product powder. The influence of the processing parameters on the product generation, as well as on the size and morphology of the La2NiO4+δ particles, was systematically studied.",
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T1 - Sol–Gel-Process-Based Molten-Flux Synthesis of Plate-like La2NiO4+δ Particles

AU - Escobar Cano, Giamper Eliseo

AU - Brinkmann, Yannick

AU - Zhao, Zhijun

AU - Kißling, Patrick André

AU - Feldhoff, Armin

N1 - Funding Information: This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—project number 435833397.

PY - 2022/9/24

Y1 - 2022/9/24

N2 - La2NiO4+δ particles with a plate-like morphology were prepared from a NaOH melt by molten-flux synthesis. For this purpose, the intermediates from a sol–gel process were used as reactants. Using powder X-ray diffraction, the sol–gel intermediates were identified as a mixture of tetragonal La2O2CO3 and cubic NiO. The existence of NiO was also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron-energy loss spectroscopy. The ultrafine mixed sol–gel intermediates were then mixed with NaOH powder and additional water in a nickel crucible and heated to 673 K for 8 h. The chemical reactions in the air during the molten-flux synthesis and the influence of the salt on the formation of La2NiO4+δ were examined by thermogravimetric analysis. The powder X-ray diffraction indicated a K2NiF4-type tetragonal structure with the I4/mmm space group for the reaction product. The scanning electron microscopy showed plate-like La2NiO4+δ crystals with a length and thickness of approximately 9 µm and 2 µm, respectively, while the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a homogeneous distribution of lanthanum and nickel in the product powder. The influence of the processing parameters on the product generation, as well as on the size and morphology of the La2NiO4+δ particles, was systematically studied.

AB - La2NiO4+δ particles with a plate-like morphology were prepared from a NaOH melt by molten-flux synthesis. For this purpose, the intermediates from a sol–gel process were used as reactants. Using powder X-ray diffraction, the sol–gel intermediates were identified as a mixture of tetragonal La2O2CO3 and cubic NiO. The existence of NiO was also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron-energy loss spectroscopy. The ultrafine mixed sol–gel intermediates were then mixed with NaOH powder and additional water in a nickel crucible and heated to 673 K for 8 h. The chemical reactions in the air during the molten-flux synthesis and the influence of the salt on the formation of La2NiO4+δ were examined by thermogravimetric analysis. The powder X-ray diffraction indicated a K2NiF4-type tetragonal structure with the I4/mmm space group for the reaction product. The scanning electron microscopy showed plate-like La2NiO4+δ crystals with a length and thickness of approximately 9 µm and 2 µm, respectively, while the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a homogeneous distribution of lanthanum and nickel in the product powder. The influence of the processing parameters on the product generation, as well as on the size and morphology of the La2NiO4+δ particles, was systematically studied.

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KW - crystal morphology

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KW - Sol-gel process

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JF - Crystals

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ER -

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