Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e33143 |
| Journal | Clinical Psychology in Europe |
| Volume | 1 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| Publication status | Published - 28 Jun 2019 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Background: Most mental disorders are associated with impairments in social functioning. Paradigms developed to study social functioning in laboratory settings mostly put participants in a detached observer point of view. However, some phenomena are inherently interactive and studying full-blown reciprocal interactions may be indispensable to understand social deficits in psychopathology. Method: We conducted a narrative review on recent developments in the field of experimental clinical psychology and clinical social neuroscience that employs a second-person approach to studying social impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Personality Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), and Schizophrenia. Results: Recent developments in methodological, analytical, and technical approaches, such as dual eye-tracking, mobile eye-tracking, live video-feed, hyperscanning, or motion capture allow for a more ecologically valid assessment of social functioning. In individuals with ASD, these methods revealed reduced sensitivity to the presence of a real interaction partner as well as diminished behavioral and neural synchronicity with interaction partners. Initial evidence suggests that interactive paradigms might be a powerful tool to reveal reduced interpersonal sensitivity in Personality Disorders and increased interpersonal sensitivity in individuals with SAD. Conclusion: A shift towards adapting a second-person account has clearly benefitted research on social interaction in psychopathology. Several studies showed profound differences in behavioral and neural measures during actual social interactions, as compared to engaging participants as mere observers. While research using truly interactive paradigms is still in its infancy, it holds great potential for clinical research on social interaction.
Keywords
- Ecological validity, Mental disorders, Second-person approach, Social cognition, Social immersion, Social interaction
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychology(all)
- Clinical Psychology
- Medicine(all)
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Clinical Psychology in Europe, Vol. 1, No. 2, e33143, 28.06.2019.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Social impairments in mental disorders
T2 - Recent developments in studying the mechanisms of interactive behavior
AU - Lehmann, Konrad
AU - Maliske, Lara
AU - Böckler, Anne
AU - Kanske, Philipp
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: PK is supported by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research within the ASD-Net (BMBF FKZ 01EE1409A), the German Research Council (Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Prize KA 4412/1-1) and Die Junge Akademie at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.
PY - 2019/6/28
Y1 - 2019/6/28
N2 - Background: Most mental disorders are associated with impairments in social functioning. Paradigms developed to study social functioning in laboratory settings mostly put participants in a detached observer point of view. However, some phenomena are inherently interactive and studying full-blown reciprocal interactions may be indispensable to understand social deficits in psychopathology. Method: We conducted a narrative review on recent developments in the field of experimental clinical psychology and clinical social neuroscience that employs a second-person approach to studying social impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Personality Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), and Schizophrenia. Results: Recent developments in methodological, analytical, and technical approaches, such as dual eye-tracking, mobile eye-tracking, live video-feed, hyperscanning, or motion capture allow for a more ecologically valid assessment of social functioning. In individuals with ASD, these methods revealed reduced sensitivity to the presence of a real interaction partner as well as diminished behavioral and neural synchronicity with interaction partners. Initial evidence suggests that interactive paradigms might be a powerful tool to reveal reduced interpersonal sensitivity in Personality Disorders and increased interpersonal sensitivity in individuals with SAD. Conclusion: A shift towards adapting a second-person account has clearly benefitted research on social interaction in psychopathology. Several studies showed profound differences in behavioral and neural measures during actual social interactions, as compared to engaging participants as mere observers. While research using truly interactive paradigms is still in its infancy, it holds great potential for clinical research on social interaction.
AB - Background: Most mental disorders are associated with impairments in social functioning. Paradigms developed to study social functioning in laboratory settings mostly put participants in a detached observer point of view. However, some phenomena are inherently interactive and studying full-blown reciprocal interactions may be indispensable to understand social deficits in psychopathology. Method: We conducted a narrative review on recent developments in the field of experimental clinical psychology and clinical social neuroscience that employs a second-person approach to studying social impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Personality Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), and Schizophrenia. Results: Recent developments in methodological, analytical, and technical approaches, such as dual eye-tracking, mobile eye-tracking, live video-feed, hyperscanning, or motion capture allow for a more ecologically valid assessment of social functioning. In individuals with ASD, these methods revealed reduced sensitivity to the presence of a real interaction partner as well as diminished behavioral and neural synchronicity with interaction partners. Initial evidence suggests that interactive paradigms might be a powerful tool to reveal reduced interpersonal sensitivity in Personality Disorders and increased interpersonal sensitivity in individuals with SAD. Conclusion: A shift towards adapting a second-person account has clearly benefitted research on social interaction in psychopathology. Several studies showed profound differences in behavioral and neural measures during actual social interactions, as compared to engaging participants as mere observers. While research using truly interactive paradigms is still in its infancy, it holds great potential for clinical research on social interaction.
KW - Ecological validity
KW - Mental disorders
KW - Second-person approach
KW - Social cognition
KW - Social immersion
KW - Social interaction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075568279&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.32872/cpe.v1i2.33143
DO - 10.32872/cpe.v1i2.33143
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85075568279
VL - 1
JO - Clinical Psychology in Europe
JF - Clinical Psychology in Europe
IS - 2
M1 - e33143
ER -