Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 1293 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-18 |
| Number of pages | 18 |
| Journal | Plants |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| Early online date | 30 Sept 2020 |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2020 |
Abstract
Russeting (periderm formation) is a critical fruit-surface disorder in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.). The first symptom of insipient russeting is cuticular microcracking. Humid and rainy weather increases russeting. The aim was to determine the ontogeny of moisture-induced russeting in ‘Pinova’ apple. We recorded the effects of duration of exposure to water and the stage of fruit development at exposure on microcracking, periderm formation and cuticle deposition. Early on (21 or 31 days after full bloom; DAFB) short periods (2 to 12 d) of moisture exposure induced cuticular microcracking—but not later on (66 or 93 DAFB). A periderm was not formed during moisture exposure but 4 d after exposure ended. A periderm was formed in the hypodermis beneath a microcrack. Russeting frequency and severity were low for up to 4 d of moisture exposure but increased after 6 d. Cuticle thickness was not affected by moisture for up to 8 d but decreased for longer exposures. Cuticular ridge thickness decreased around a microcrack. In general, moisture did not affect cuticular strain release. We conclude that a hypodermal periderm forms after termination of moisture exposure and after microcrack formation. Reduced cuticle deposition may cause moisture-induced microcracking and, thus, russeting.
Keywords
- Cuticle, Malus × domestica, Periderm, Russeting, Strain, Surface moisture
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Environmental Science(all)
- Ecology
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
- Plant Science
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In: Plants, Vol. 9, No. 10, 1293, 10.2020, p. 1-18.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Russeting in Apple Is Initiated After Exposure to Moisture Ends
T2 - I. Histological Evidence
AU - Chen, Yun Hao
AU - Straube, Jannis
AU - Khanal, Bishnu P.
AU - Knoche, Moritz
AU - Debener, Thomas
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by a grant (KN 402) from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access fund of the Leibniz Universität Hannover.
PY - 2020/10
Y1 - 2020/10
N2 - Russeting (periderm formation) is a critical fruit-surface disorder in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.). The first symptom of insipient russeting is cuticular microcracking. Humid and rainy weather increases russeting. The aim was to determine the ontogeny of moisture-induced russeting in ‘Pinova’ apple. We recorded the effects of duration of exposure to water and the stage of fruit development at exposure on microcracking, periderm formation and cuticle deposition. Early on (21 or 31 days after full bloom; DAFB) short periods (2 to 12 d) of moisture exposure induced cuticular microcracking—but not later on (66 or 93 DAFB). A periderm was not formed during moisture exposure but 4 d after exposure ended. A periderm was formed in the hypodermis beneath a microcrack. Russeting frequency and severity were low for up to 4 d of moisture exposure but increased after 6 d. Cuticle thickness was not affected by moisture for up to 8 d but decreased for longer exposures. Cuticular ridge thickness decreased around a microcrack. In general, moisture did not affect cuticular strain release. We conclude that a hypodermal periderm forms after termination of moisture exposure and after microcrack formation. Reduced cuticle deposition may cause moisture-induced microcracking and, thus, russeting.
AB - Russeting (periderm formation) is a critical fruit-surface disorder in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.). The first symptom of insipient russeting is cuticular microcracking. Humid and rainy weather increases russeting. The aim was to determine the ontogeny of moisture-induced russeting in ‘Pinova’ apple. We recorded the effects of duration of exposure to water and the stage of fruit development at exposure on microcracking, periderm formation and cuticle deposition. Early on (21 or 31 days after full bloom; DAFB) short periods (2 to 12 d) of moisture exposure induced cuticular microcracking—but not later on (66 or 93 DAFB). A periderm was not formed during moisture exposure but 4 d after exposure ended. A periderm was formed in the hypodermis beneath a microcrack. Russeting frequency and severity were low for up to 4 d of moisture exposure but increased after 6 d. Cuticle thickness was not affected by moisture for up to 8 d but decreased for longer exposures. Cuticular ridge thickness decreased around a microcrack. In general, moisture did not affect cuticular strain release. We conclude that a hypodermal periderm forms after termination of moisture exposure and after microcrack formation. Reduced cuticle deposition may cause moisture-induced microcracking and, thus, russeting.
KW - Cuticle
KW - Malus × domestica
KW - Periderm
KW - Russeting
KW - Strain
KW - Surface moisture
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85091935844&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/plants9101293
DO - 10.3390/plants9101293
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85091935844
VL - 9
SP - 1
EP - 18
JO - Plants
JF - Plants
IS - 10
M1 - 1293
ER -