Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Authors

  • Ehsan Mohammad-Pajooh
  • Ariel E. Turcios
  • Graham Cuff
  • Dirk Weichgrebe
  • Karl Heinz Rosenwinkel
  • M. D. Vedenyapina
  • L. R. Sharifullina

External Research Organisations

  • Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)
  • Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)189-196
Number of pages8
JournalJournal of Environmental Management
Volume228
Early online date13 Sept 2018
Publication statusPublished - 15 Dec 2018

Abstract

Landfills in Germany are currently approaching stabilization phase; as a result removal of inert organics and potentially toxic elements in the leachate is becoming a primary concern. Dissolved air floatation (DAF) at the secondary stage reduces only 27% of the residual chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the investigated treatment systems; downstream granular activated carbon (GAC) units are required to further reduce COD concentration by 40–56% to meet indirect discharge or direct discharge limits respectively. Therefore, in this study performance in terms of COD and trace metals adsorption of different types of granular activated carbon were compared over different contact times and dosages. GAC 1 with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 719.5 ± 2.1 m2/g and average pore diameter (D) of 4.81 nm was identified to be inappropriate for treatment of leachate from this landfill. GAC 2 (with BET of 1513.7 ± 6.4 m2/g and D of 3.50 nm) was feasible for COD reduction from DAF-pretreated leachate, while GAC 3 (with BET of 644.5 ± 2.6 m2/g and D of 5.65 nm) can be coupled either with biological step alone, or as a tertiary step after the DAF unit. Moreover, as COD is the primary remaining contaminant of interest after secondary and tertiary treatment, spectrometer probes provide a close estimation of COD concentration for use in online monitoring. Beside COD removal, GAC 3 also confirmed the effectiveness of trace metals adsorption even at trace level, as it removed 66, 64, 48, 47, 43, and 25% of copper, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, and zinc, respectively.

Keywords

    Activated carbon, Adsorption, COD reduction, Dissolved air floatation, Leachate treatment, Trace metals

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. / Mohammad-Pajooh, Ehsan; Turcios, Ariel E.; Cuff, Graham et al.
In: Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 228, 15.12.2018, p. 189-196.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Mohammad-Pajooh, E, Turcios, AE, Cuff, G, Weichgrebe, D, Rosenwinkel, KH, Vedenyapina, MD & Sharifullina, LR 2018, 'Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption', Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 228, pp. 189-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.020
Mohammad-Pajooh, E., Turcios, A. E., Cuff, G., Weichgrebe, D., Rosenwinkel, K. H., Vedenyapina, M. D., & Sharifullina, L. R. (2018). Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. Journal of Environmental Management, 228, 189-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.020
Mohammad-Pajooh E, Turcios AE, Cuff G, Weichgrebe D, Rosenwinkel KH, Vedenyapina MD et al. Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018 Dec 15;228:189-196. Epub 2018 Sept 13. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.020
Mohammad-Pajooh, Ehsan ; Turcios, Ariel E. ; Cuff, Graham et al. / Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption. In: Journal of Environmental Management. 2018 ; Vol. 228. pp. 189-196.
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title = "Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption",
abstract = "Landfills in Germany are currently approaching stabilization phase; as a result removal of inert organics and potentially toxic elements in the leachate is becoming a primary concern. Dissolved air floatation (DAF) at the secondary stage reduces only 27% of the residual chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the investigated treatment systems; downstream granular activated carbon (GAC) units are required to further reduce COD concentration by 40–56% to meet indirect discharge or direct discharge limits respectively. Therefore, in this study performance in terms of COD and trace metals adsorption of different types of granular activated carbon were compared over different contact times and dosages. GAC 1 with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 719.5 ± 2.1 m2/g and average pore diameter (D) of 4.81 nm was identified to be inappropriate for treatment of leachate from this landfill. GAC 2 (with BET of 1513.7 ± 6.4 m2/g and D of 3.50 nm) was feasible for COD reduction from DAF-pretreated leachate, while GAC 3 (with BET of 644.5 ± 2.6 m2/g and D of 5.65 nm) can be coupled either with biological step alone, or as a tertiary step after the DAF unit. Moreover, as COD is the primary remaining contaminant of interest after secondary and tertiary treatment, spectrometer probes provide a close estimation of COD concentration for use in online monitoring. Beside COD removal, GAC 3 also confirmed the effectiveness of trace metals adsorption even at trace level, as it removed 66, 64, 48, 47, 43, and 25% of copper, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, and zinc, respectively.",
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TY - JOUR

T1 - Removal of inert COD and trace metals from stabilized landfill leachate by granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption

AU - Mohammad-Pajooh, Ehsan

AU - Turcios, Ariel E.

AU - Cuff, Graham

AU - Weichgrebe, Dirk

AU - Rosenwinkel, Karl Heinz

AU - Vedenyapina, M. D.

AU - Sharifullina, L. R.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was funded in part by Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) and the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF). Authors are also grateful to the Division of Structural Studies of the Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences for studying the samples by electron microscopy and to the Mendeleev Center of Collective Use for studying the porous structure of activated carbon samples.

PY - 2018/12/15

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N2 - Landfills in Germany are currently approaching stabilization phase; as a result removal of inert organics and potentially toxic elements in the leachate is becoming a primary concern. Dissolved air floatation (DAF) at the secondary stage reduces only 27% of the residual chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the investigated treatment systems; downstream granular activated carbon (GAC) units are required to further reduce COD concentration by 40–56% to meet indirect discharge or direct discharge limits respectively. Therefore, in this study performance in terms of COD and trace metals adsorption of different types of granular activated carbon were compared over different contact times and dosages. GAC 1 with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 719.5 ± 2.1 m2/g and average pore diameter (D) of 4.81 nm was identified to be inappropriate for treatment of leachate from this landfill. GAC 2 (with BET of 1513.7 ± 6.4 m2/g and D of 3.50 nm) was feasible for COD reduction from DAF-pretreated leachate, while GAC 3 (with BET of 644.5 ± 2.6 m2/g and D of 5.65 nm) can be coupled either with biological step alone, or as a tertiary step after the DAF unit. Moreover, as COD is the primary remaining contaminant of interest after secondary and tertiary treatment, spectrometer probes provide a close estimation of COD concentration for use in online monitoring. Beside COD removal, GAC 3 also confirmed the effectiveness of trace metals adsorption even at trace level, as it removed 66, 64, 48, 47, 43, and 25% of copper, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, and zinc, respectively.

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