TY - JOUR

T1 - Regional material flow behaviors of agro-food processing craft villages in Red River Delta, Vietnam

AU - Tran, Nguyet Thi

AU - Weichgrebe, Dirk

N1 - Funding information: The presented work is part of the doctoral scholarship “Advance material flow analysis of agro?food processing for environmental and resource management—On the example of craft villages in Red River Delta, Vietnam” conducted at the Institute for Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover. The authors acknowledge the German Ministry of Research and Education and German Academic Exchange Service for financial support. The authors acknowledge the Project DEAL for the financial support for the open access of this paper. The authors thank the production households in craft villages D??ng Li?u, C?u G?o, and ??i Lâm and colleagues at Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University for their cooperation in the field work and laboratory work conducted in Hà N?i and B?c Ninh. The authors thank David Laner and Oliver Cencic from Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, Technical University of Vienna for introducing the concept of data uncertainty analysis and advising on gross error detection and data reconciliation within software STAN. The authors thank all reviewers and editors for their comments. informationThis work is funded by the German Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) and German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) in the framework of NaWaM program.The presented work is part of the doctoral scholarship “Advance material flow analysis of agro-food processing for environmental and resource management—On the example of craft villages in Red River Delta, Vietnam” conducted at the Institute for Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover. The authors acknowledge the German Ministry of Research and Education and German Academic Exchange Service for financial support. The authors acknowledge the Project DEAL for the financial support for the open access of this paper. The authors thank the production households in craft villages D??ng Li?u, C?u G?o, and ??i Lâm and colleagues at Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University for their cooperation in the field work and laboratory work conducted in Hà N?i and B?c Ninh. The authors thank David Laner and Oliver Cencic from Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, Technical University of Vienna for introducing the concept of data uncertainty analysis and advising on gross error detection and data reconciliation within software STAN. The authors thank all reviewers and editors for their comments.

PY - 2020/6/7

Y1 - 2020/6/7

N2 - The economic reform “Đổi Mới” in 1986 has rapidly increased the number of craft villages in Vietnam, especially in the Red River Delta (RRD) leading to environmental degradation. This article presents an assessment of environmental and resource issues of agro-Food Processing Craft Villages (FPCVs) in RRD using a refined approach to material flow analysis focusing on consistent quantification of uncertainty with particular attention to secondary and empirical data that are often faced in material flow analyses in transition economies. Material flows of agro-Food Processing including eight types of production were examined and linked to activities of private Households, Rice Cultivation, and Pig Farming in a model called Red River Delta. Materials investigated were Goods (i.e., total materials), organic carbon (org.C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). The findings reveal material cycles are almost entirely open, that is, the materials used in FPCVs do not recycle within the region. From ∼10.5 million tons/year of imported Goods used for agro-Food Processing, final products and utilized materials account for minor fractions (∼5%, by weight). Conversely, the majority (88%) is directly discharged. Materials accumulated as stocks represent 1% of Goods (100,000 tons/year), 21% of org.C (∼34,000 tons/year), 42% of N (∼1,300 tons/year), and 57% of P (∼300 tons/year), whose substance concentrations vastly exceed natural resilience capacities. Although agro-Food Processing accounts for negligible material shares in Red River Delta, FPCVs pollution is severe at local levels due to the location of home-based production. Several options for closing material loops at various system scales are recommended for environmental and resource management of FPCVs. The material flow analysis results provide a database that may be used as a decision support tool for production establishments in craft villages and relevant authorities in setting priorities on environmental planning and resource management. This article met the requirements for a gold – silver JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.

AB - The economic reform “Đổi Mới” in 1986 has rapidly increased the number of craft villages in Vietnam, especially in the Red River Delta (RRD) leading to environmental degradation. This article presents an assessment of environmental and resource issues of agro-Food Processing Craft Villages (FPCVs) in RRD using a refined approach to material flow analysis focusing on consistent quantification of uncertainty with particular attention to secondary and empirical data that are often faced in material flow analyses in transition economies. Material flows of agro-Food Processing including eight types of production were examined and linked to activities of private Households, Rice Cultivation, and Pig Farming in a model called Red River Delta. Materials investigated were Goods (i.e., total materials), organic carbon (org.C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). The findings reveal material cycles are almost entirely open, that is, the materials used in FPCVs do not recycle within the region. From ∼10.5 million tons/year of imported Goods used for agro-Food Processing, final products and utilized materials account for minor fractions (∼5%, by weight). Conversely, the majority (88%) is directly discharged. Materials accumulated as stocks represent 1% of Goods (100,000 tons/year), 21% of org.C (∼34,000 tons/year), 42% of N (∼1,300 tons/year), and 57% of P (∼300 tons/year), whose substance concentrations vastly exceed natural resilience capacities. Although agro-Food Processing accounts for negligible material shares in Red River Delta, FPCVs pollution is severe at local levels due to the location of home-based production. Several options for closing material loops at various system scales are recommended for environmental and resource management of FPCVs. The material flow analysis results provide a database that may be used as a decision support tool for production establishments in craft villages and relevant authorities in setting priorities on environmental planning and resource management. This article met the requirements for a gold – silver JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.

KW - craft villages

KW - data uncertainty analysis

KW - industrial ecology

KW - material flow analysis (MFA)

KW - Red River Delta

KW - transition economies

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85077150591&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1111/jiec.12966

DO - 10.1111/jiec.12966

M3 - Article

VL - 24

SP - 707

EP - 725

JO - Journal of industrial ecology

JF - Journal of industrial ecology

SN - 1088-1980

IS - 3

ER -