Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | RILEM Bookseries |
| Editors | Prof. Richard Buswell, Dr. Ana Blanco, Prof. Sergio Cavalaro, Dr. Peter Kinnell |
| Publisher | Springer Science and Business Media B.V. |
| Pages | 351-356 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| ISBN (electronic) | 978-3-031-06116-5 |
| ISBN (print) | 978-3-031-06115-8 |
| Publication status | Published - 2022 |
Publication series
| Name | RILEM Bookseries |
|---|---|
| Volume | 37 |
| ISSN (Print) | 2211-0844 |
| ISSN (electronic) | 2211-0852 |
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) processes offer new possibilities in the design of concrete components. The process chain for AM processes generally consists of component design, print path generation, and manufacturing. Within the step of print path generation, the component is commonly divided into layers and filled with waypoints based on the assumption of a constant cross-section of the applied material strands. In contrast to metal or plastic, however, the material properties of fresh concrete are more sensitive to environmental influences such as temperature and humidity. This leads to cross-section variations during the process. Therefore, exclusively relying on an apriori print path planning for large-scale components leads to significant deviations between as-planed and as-printed geometries. The presented research aims to increase the manufacturing accuracy of concrete components by compensating layer inconsistencies through a controlled material application. For this purpose, varying the printing speed and nozzle distance allows for correction of the deviations of subjacent layers. Deviation detection is performed by a 2D laser sensor mounted on the printing nozzle to generate information about the underlying cross-section. Comparing the measured values to precalculated setpoints generates the error values. The control algorithm maps the error data into an adaption of the printing speed and nozzle distance to fulfill the pre-planned geometry. Applying the controller to a medium-sized component and comparing the result to the uncontrolled process shows a considerable accuracy improvement.
Keywords
- Additive manufacturing, Process control, Shotcrete 3D printing
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- Engineering(all)
- Building and Construction
- Engineering(all)
- Mechanics of Materials
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RILEM Bookseries. ed. / Prof. Richard Buswell; Dr. Ana Blanco; Prof. Sergio Cavalaro; Dr. Peter Kinnell. Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022. p. 351-356 (RILEM Bookseries; Vol. 37).
Research output: Chapter in book/report/conference proceeding › Contribution to book/anthology › Research › peer review
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - Process Control for Additive Manufacturing of Concrete Components
AU - Lachmayer, Lukas
AU - Dörrie, Robin
AU - Kloft, Harald
AU - Raatz, Annika
N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements. The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG – German Research Foundation) – Project no. 414265976. The authors would like to thank the DFG for the support within the SFB/Transregio 277 – Additive manufacturing in construction (Subproject B04 and A04).
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Additive manufacturing (AM) processes offer new possibilities in the design of concrete components. The process chain for AM processes generally consists of component design, print path generation, and manufacturing. Within the step of print path generation, the component is commonly divided into layers and filled with waypoints based on the assumption of a constant cross-section of the applied material strands. In contrast to metal or plastic, however, the material properties of fresh concrete are more sensitive to environmental influences such as temperature and humidity. This leads to cross-section variations during the process. Therefore, exclusively relying on an apriori print path planning for large-scale components leads to significant deviations between as-planed and as-printed geometries. The presented research aims to increase the manufacturing accuracy of concrete components by compensating layer inconsistencies through a controlled material application. For this purpose, varying the printing speed and nozzle distance allows for correction of the deviations of subjacent layers. Deviation detection is performed by a 2D laser sensor mounted on the printing nozzle to generate information about the underlying cross-section. Comparing the measured values to precalculated setpoints generates the error values. The control algorithm maps the error data into an adaption of the printing speed and nozzle distance to fulfill the pre-planned geometry. Applying the controller to a medium-sized component and comparing the result to the uncontrolled process shows a considerable accuracy improvement.
AB - Additive manufacturing (AM) processes offer new possibilities in the design of concrete components. The process chain for AM processes generally consists of component design, print path generation, and manufacturing. Within the step of print path generation, the component is commonly divided into layers and filled with waypoints based on the assumption of a constant cross-section of the applied material strands. In contrast to metal or plastic, however, the material properties of fresh concrete are more sensitive to environmental influences such as temperature and humidity. This leads to cross-section variations during the process. Therefore, exclusively relying on an apriori print path planning for large-scale components leads to significant deviations between as-planed and as-printed geometries. The presented research aims to increase the manufacturing accuracy of concrete components by compensating layer inconsistencies through a controlled material application. For this purpose, varying the printing speed and nozzle distance allows for correction of the deviations of subjacent layers. Deviation detection is performed by a 2D laser sensor mounted on the printing nozzle to generate information about the underlying cross-section. Comparing the measured values to precalculated setpoints generates the error values. The control algorithm maps the error data into an adaption of the printing speed and nozzle distance to fulfill the pre-planned geometry. Applying the controller to a medium-sized component and comparing the result to the uncontrolled process shows a considerable accuracy improvement.
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - Process control
KW - Shotcrete 3D printing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133177095&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-06116-5_52
DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-06116-5_52
M3 - Contribution to book/anthology
AN - SCOPUS:85133177095
SN - 978-3-031-06115-8
T3 - RILEM Bookseries
SP - 351
EP - 356
BT - RILEM Bookseries
A2 - Buswell, Prof. Richard
A2 - Blanco, Dr. Ana
A2 - Cavalaro, Prof. Sergio
A2 - Kinnell, Dr. Peter
PB - Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
ER -