Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Handbook of Biomineralization |
| Subtitle of host publication | Biological Aspects and Structure Formation |
| Publisher | Wiley - VCH Verlag GmbH & CO. KGaA |
| Pages | 361-372 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Volume | 3 |
| ISBN (print) | 9783527316410 |
| Publication status | Published - 25 May 2007 |
Abstract
Improvements in healthcare yields a rise in numbers of elderly people, which in turn increases the demand for healthcare among this population. Today, some 300 000 heart valve replacements are carried out worldwide each year, with about 40% of the prostheses being tissue-based. In the aortic position, these bioprostheses are the valves of choice in patients aged more than 65-70 years. Although these valves are advantageous in terms of their hemodynamics, thrombogenicity, low risk of bleeding and minimal need for anticoagulants, they suffer from limited and unpredictable durability. Valve failure is mainly due to tissue calcification, caused by multiple factors [1]. In this chapter we demonstrate that it is possible to mimic, induce, and investigate this pathological process in vitro by the choice of an appropriate model, whilst neglecting possible host factors such as unphysiological calcium and phosphate levels or missing inhibitory proteins. The local sites of calcification can be predicted in advance by using a nondestructive, holographic method. Multiple parameters such as the valve tissue origin, valve design, glutaraldehyde fixation, and alternative chemical and irradiation treatments, have been identified as influencing calcification. Non-destructive evaluation of the calcific deposits is possible using microradiography (μ-X-ray), clinical and industrial computed tomography (CT) and μ-CT (Synchrotron). In this way, the degree of calcification can be determined with computer image analysis.
Keywords
- Biological heart valve prostheses, Ectopic and intrinsic calcification, Imaging, In-vitro calcification model, Xenografts
ASJC Scopus subject areas
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Handbook of Biomineralization: Biological Aspects and Structure Formation. Vol. 3 Wiley - VCH Verlag GmbH & CO. KGaA, 2007. p. 361-372.
Research output: Chapter in book/report/conference proceeding › Contribution to book/anthology › Research › peer review
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - Pathological Calcification of Heart Valve Bioprostheses
AU - Glasmacher, Birgit
AU - Krings, Martin
PY - 2007/5/25
Y1 - 2007/5/25
N2 - Improvements in healthcare yields a rise in numbers of elderly people, which in turn increases the demand for healthcare among this population. Today, some 300 000 heart valve replacements are carried out worldwide each year, with about 40% of the prostheses being tissue-based. In the aortic position, these bioprostheses are the valves of choice in patients aged more than 65-70 years. Although these valves are advantageous in terms of their hemodynamics, thrombogenicity, low risk of bleeding and minimal need for anticoagulants, they suffer from limited and unpredictable durability. Valve failure is mainly due to tissue calcification, caused by multiple factors [1]. In this chapter we demonstrate that it is possible to mimic, induce, and investigate this pathological process in vitro by the choice of an appropriate model, whilst neglecting possible host factors such as unphysiological calcium and phosphate levels or missing inhibitory proteins. The local sites of calcification can be predicted in advance by using a nondestructive, holographic method. Multiple parameters such as the valve tissue origin, valve design, glutaraldehyde fixation, and alternative chemical and irradiation treatments, have been identified as influencing calcification. Non-destructive evaluation of the calcific deposits is possible using microradiography (μ-X-ray), clinical and industrial computed tomography (CT) and μ-CT (Synchrotron). In this way, the degree of calcification can be determined with computer image analysis.
AB - Improvements in healthcare yields a rise in numbers of elderly people, which in turn increases the demand for healthcare among this population. Today, some 300 000 heart valve replacements are carried out worldwide each year, with about 40% of the prostheses being tissue-based. In the aortic position, these bioprostheses are the valves of choice in patients aged more than 65-70 years. Although these valves are advantageous in terms of their hemodynamics, thrombogenicity, low risk of bleeding and minimal need for anticoagulants, they suffer from limited and unpredictable durability. Valve failure is mainly due to tissue calcification, caused by multiple factors [1]. In this chapter we demonstrate that it is possible to mimic, induce, and investigate this pathological process in vitro by the choice of an appropriate model, whilst neglecting possible host factors such as unphysiological calcium and phosphate levels or missing inhibitory proteins. The local sites of calcification can be predicted in advance by using a nondestructive, holographic method. Multiple parameters such as the valve tissue origin, valve design, glutaraldehyde fixation, and alternative chemical and irradiation treatments, have been identified as influencing calcification. Non-destructive evaluation of the calcific deposits is possible using microradiography (μ-X-ray), clinical and industrial computed tomography (CT) and μ-CT (Synchrotron). In this way, the degree of calcification can be determined with computer image analysis.
KW - Biological heart valve prostheses
KW - Ectopic and intrinsic calcification
KW - Imaging
KW - In-vitro calcification model
KW - Xenografts
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84889955002&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/9783527619443.ch67
DO - 10.1002/9783527619443.ch67
M3 - Contribution to book/anthology
AN - SCOPUS:84889955002
SN - 9783527316410
VL - 3
SP - 361
EP - 372
BT - Handbook of Biomineralization
PB - Wiley - VCH Verlag GmbH & CO. KGaA
ER -