Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e13715 |
| Journal | Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Publication status | Published - 20 Jul 2022 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
In this study, a three-dimensional electrochemical process with aluminum electrodes in the presence of granular activated carbon derived from walnut shell (WGAC) was employed to remove Diclofenac from synthetic water. Optimum operating conditions were determined using response surface methodology, also, an empirical relationship was established between response and independent variables (activated carbon amount, contact time, pH, and electrolyte concentration). The results showed that activated carbon amount and NaCl concentration were the most influential factors on the removal efficiency, and the most significant factor affecting electrical energy was NaCl concentration. Additionally, three-dimensional electrochemical process with granular activated carbon has the potential to work in the pH range from 1 to 9. The optimal conditions to gain maximum removal efficiency and minimum electrical energy were determined to be 4.36 g granular activated carbon, 40 min contact time, and 4390 ppm of NaCl. In addition, to show the physical characteristics of activated carbon, the field emission scanning electron microscopy and BET analysis were applied, and Spectrophotometric technique was used to determine diclofenac concentration. Considering high removal efficiency and low electrical energy consumption, the three-dimensional electrochemical process with WGAC can be considered a cost-effective and practicable method to remove diclofenac from water and wastewater.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Environmental Science(all)
- Environmental Engineering
- Environmental Science(all)
- Environmental Chemistry
- Energy(all)
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Chemical Engineering(all)
- General Chemical Engineering
- Environmental Science(all)
- Water Science and Technology
- Environmental Science(all)
- Waste Management and Disposal
- Environmental Science(all)
- General Environmental Science
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, Vol. 41, No. 1, e13715, 20.07.2022.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Optimization of a three-dimensional electrochemical process with granular activated carbon for diclofenac removal using response surface methodology
AU - Mohammadi, Sahar
AU - Shirmohammadi, Reza
AU - Pakan, Mahyar
AU - Ghasempour, Roghayeh
AU - Alighardashi, Abolghasem
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
PY - 2022/7/20
Y1 - 2022/7/20
N2 - In this study, a three-dimensional electrochemical process with aluminum electrodes in the presence of granular activated carbon derived from walnut shell (WGAC) was employed to remove Diclofenac from synthetic water. Optimum operating conditions were determined using response surface methodology, also, an empirical relationship was established between response and independent variables (activated carbon amount, contact time, pH, and electrolyte concentration). The results showed that activated carbon amount and NaCl concentration were the most influential factors on the removal efficiency, and the most significant factor affecting electrical energy was NaCl concentration. Additionally, three-dimensional electrochemical process with granular activated carbon has the potential to work in the pH range from 1 to 9. The optimal conditions to gain maximum removal efficiency and minimum electrical energy were determined to be 4.36 g granular activated carbon, 40 min contact time, and 4390 ppm of NaCl. In addition, to show the physical characteristics of activated carbon, the field emission scanning electron microscopy and BET analysis were applied, and Spectrophotometric technique was used to determine diclofenac concentration. Considering high removal efficiency and low electrical energy consumption, the three-dimensional electrochemical process with WGAC can be considered a cost-effective and practicable method to remove diclofenac from water and wastewater.
AB - In this study, a three-dimensional electrochemical process with aluminum electrodes in the presence of granular activated carbon derived from walnut shell (WGAC) was employed to remove Diclofenac from synthetic water. Optimum operating conditions were determined using response surface methodology, also, an empirical relationship was established between response and independent variables (activated carbon amount, contact time, pH, and electrolyte concentration). The results showed that activated carbon amount and NaCl concentration were the most influential factors on the removal efficiency, and the most significant factor affecting electrical energy was NaCl concentration. Additionally, three-dimensional electrochemical process with granular activated carbon has the potential to work in the pH range from 1 to 9. The optimal conditions to gain maximum removal efficiency and minimum electrical energy were determined to be 4.36 g granular activated carbon, 40 min contact time, and 4390 ppm of NaCl. In addition, to show the physical characteristics of activated carbon, the field emission scanning electron microscopy and BET analysis were applied, and Spectrophotometric technique was used to determine diclofenac concentration. Considering high removal efficiency and low electrical energy consumption, the three-dimensional electrochemical process with WGAC can be considered a cost-effective and practicable method to remove diclofenac from water and wastewater.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111511225&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ep.13715
DO - 10.1002/ep.13715
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85111511225
VL - 41
JO - Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy
JF - Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy
SN - 1944-7442
IS - 1
M1 - e13715
ER -