Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 622-626 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Nature |
| Volume | 546 |
| Issue number | 7660 |
| Publication status | Published - 29 Jun 2017 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Optical quantum states based on entangled photons are essential for solving questions in fundamental physics and are at the heart of quantum information science1. Specifically, the realization of high-dimensional states (D-level quantum systems, that is, qudits, with D > 2) and their control are necessary for fundamental investigations of quantum mechanics2, for increasing the sensitivity of quantum imaging schemes3, for improving the robustness and key rate of quantum communication protocols4, for enabling a richer variety of quantum simulations5, and for achieving more efficient and error-tolerant quantum computation6. Integrated photonics has recently become a leading platform for the compact, cost-efficient, and stable generation and processing of non-classical optical states7. However, so far, integrated entangled quantum sources have been limited to qubits (D = 2)8-11. Here we demonstrate on-chip generation of entangled qudit states, where the photons are created in a coherent superposition of multiple high-purity frequency modes. In particular, we confirm the realization of a quantum system with at least one hundred dimensions, formed by two entangled qudits with D = 10. Furthermore, using state-of-the-art, yet off-the-shelf telecommunications components, we introduce a coherent manipulation platform with which to control frequency-entangled states, capable of performing deterministic high-dimensional gate operations. We validate this platform by measuring Bell inequality violations and performing quantum state tomography. Our work enables the generation and processing of high-dimensional quantum states in a single spatial mode.
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In: Nature, Vol. 546, No. 7660, 29.06.2017, p. 622-626.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - On-chip generation of high-dimensional entangled quantum states and their coherent control
AU - Kues, Michael
AU - Reimer, Christian
AU - Roztocki, Piotr
AU - Cortés, Luis Romero
AU - Sciara, Stefania
AU - Wetzel, Benjamin
AU - Zhang, Yanbing
AU - Cino, Alfonso
AU - Chu, Sai T.
AU - Little, Brent E.
AU - Moss, David J.
AU - Caspani, Lucia
AU - Azaña, José
AU - Morandotti, Roberto
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through the Steacie, Strategic, Discovery and Acceleration Grants Schemes, by the MESI PSRSIIRI Initiative in Quebec, by the Canada Research Chair Program and by the Australian Research Council Discovery Projects scheme (DP150104327). C.R. and P.R. acknowledge the support of NSERC Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarships. M.K. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska- Curie grant agreement number 656607. S.T.C. acknowledges support from the CityU APRC programme number 9610356. B.E.L. acknowledges support from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant number XDB24030300). B.W. acknowledges support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's FP7 Programme under REA grant agreement INCIPIT (PIOF-GA-2013-625466). L.C. acknowledges support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's FP7 Programme under REA Grant Agreement number 627478 (THREEPLE). R.M. acknowledges additional support by the Government of the Russian Federation through the ITMO Fellowship and Professorship Program (grant 074-U 01) and from the 1000 Talents Sichuan Program. We thank R. Helsten and M. Islam for technical insights; A. Tavares, T. Hansson and A. Bruhacs for discussions; T. A. Denidni and S. O. Tatu for lending us some of the required experimental equipment; P. Kung from QPS Photronics for help and the use of processing equipment; as well as Quantum Opus and N. Bertone of OptoElectronics Components for their support and for providing us with state-of-the-art photon detection equipment. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/6/29
Y1 - 2017/6/29
N2 - Optical quantum states based on entangled photons are essential for solving questions in fundamental physics and are at the heart of quantum information science1. Specifically, the realization of high-dimensional states (D-level quantum systems, that is, qudits, with D > 2) and their control are necessary for fundamental investigations of quantum mechanics2, for increasing the sensitivity of quantum imaging schemes3, for improving the robustness and key rate of quantum communication protocols4, for enabling a richer variety of quantum simulations5, and for achieving more efficient and error-tolerant quantum computation6. Integrated photonics has recently become a leading platform for the compact, cost-efficient, and stable generation and processing of non-classical optical states7. However, so far, integrated entangled quantum sources have been limited to qubits (D = 2)8-11. Here we demonstrate on-chip generation of entangled qudit states, where the photons are created in a coherent superposition of multiple high-purity frequency modes. In particular, we confirm the realization of a quantum system with at least one hundred dimensions, formed by two entangled qudits with D = 10. Furthermore, using state-of-the-art, yet off-the-shelf telecommunications components, we introduce a coherent manipulation platform with which to control frequency-entangled states, capable of performing deterministic high-dimensional gate operations. We validate this platform by measuring Bell inequality violations and performing quantum state tomography. Our work enables the generation and processing of high-dimensional quantum states in a single spatial mode.
AB - Optical quantum states based on entangled photons are essential for solving questions in fundamental physics and are at the heart of quantum information science1. Specifically, the realization of high-dimensional states (D-level quantum systems, that is, qudits, with D > 2) and their control are necessary for fundamental investigations of quantum mechanics2, for increasing the sensitivity of quantum imaging schemes3, for improving the robustness and key rate of quantum communication protocols4, for enabling a richer variety of quantum simulations5, and for achieving more efficient and error-tolerant quantum computation6. Integrated photonics has recently become a leading platform for the compact, cost-efficient, and stable generation and processing of non-classical optical states7. However, so far, integrated entangled quantum sources have been limited to qubits (D = 2)8-11. Here we demonstrate on-chip generation of entangled qudit states, where the photons are created in a coherent superposition of multiple high-purity frequency modes. In particular, we confirm the realization of a quantum system with at least one hundred dimensions, formed by two entangled qudits with D = 10. Furthermore, using state-of-the-art, yet off-the-shelf telecommunications components, we introduce a coherent manipulation platform with which to control frequency-entangled states, capable of performing deterministic high-dimensional gate operations. We validate this platform by measuring Bell inequality violations and performing quantum state tomography. Our work enables the generation and processing of high-dimensional quantum states in a single spatial mode.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85021661370&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/nature22986
DO - 10.1038/nature22986
M3 - Article
C2 - 28658228
AN - SCOPUS:85021661370
VL - 546
SP - 622
EP - 626
JO - Nature
JF - Nature
SN - 0028-0836
IS - 7660
ER -