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Observation of Atom Number Fluctuations in a Bose-Einstein Condensate

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Authors

  • M. A. Kristensen
  • M. B. Christensen
  • M. Gajdacz
  • M. Iglicki
  • Carsten Klempt

External Research Organisations

  • Aarhus University
  • Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
  • University of Warsaw

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number163601
Number of pages6
JournalPhysical Review Letters
Volume122
Issue number16
Early online date22 Apr 2019
Publication statusPublished - 26 Apr 2019

Abstract

Fluctuations are a key property of both classical and quantum systems. While the fluctuations are well understood for many quantum systems at zero temperature, the case of an interacting quantum system at finite temperature still poses numerous challenges. Despite intense theoretical investigations of atom number fluctuations in Bose-Einstein condensates, their amplitude in experimentally relevant interacting systems is still not fully understood. Moreover, technical limitations have prevented their experimental investigation to date. Here we report the observation of these fluctuations. Our experiments are based on a stabilization technique, which allows for the preparation of ultracold thermal clouds at the shot noise level, thereby eliminating numerous technical noise sources. Furthermore, we make use of the correlations established by the evaporative cooling process to precisely determine the fluctuations and the sample temperature. This allows us to observe a telltale signature: the sudden increase in fluctuations of the condensate atom number close to the critical temperature.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

Observation of Atom Number Fluctuations in a Bose-Einstein Condensate. / Kristensen, M. A.; Christensen, M. B.; Gajdacz, M. et al.
In: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, No. 16, 163601, 26.04.2019.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Kristensen, MA, Christensen, MB, Gajdacz, M, Iglicki, M, Pawłowski, K, Klempt, C, Sherson, JF, Rzazewski, K, Hilliard, AJ & Arlt, JJ 2019, 'Observation of Atom Number Fluctuations in a Bose-Einstein Condensate', Physical Review Letters, vol. 122, no. 16, 163601. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1812.03064, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.163601
Kristensen, M. A., Christensen, M. B., Gajdacz, M., Iglicki, M., Pawłowski, K., Klempt, C., Sherson, J. F., Rzazewski, K., Hilliard, A. J., & Arlt, J. J. (2019). Observation of Atom Number Fluctuations in a Bose-Einstein Condensate. Physical Review Letters, 122(16), Article 163601. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1812.03064, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.163601
Kristensen MA, Christensen MB, Gajdacz M, Iglicki M, Pawłowski K, Klempt C et al. Observation of Atom Number Fluctuations in a Bose-Einstein Condensate. Physical Review Letters. 2019 Apr 26;122(16):163601. Epub 2019 Apr 22. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.1812.03064, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.163601
Kristensen, M. A. ; Christensen, M. B. ; Gajdacz, M. et al. / Observation of Atom Number Fluctuations in a Bose-Einstein Condensate. In: Physical Review Letters. 2019 ; Vol. 122, No. 16.
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