Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 232-243 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Materials and design |
| Volume | 67 |
| Early online date | 2 Dec 2014 |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Feb 2015 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
This paper studies the elastic behavior of steel beams strengthened with normal, high and ultra-high modulus CFRP laminates using bonded and un-bonded systems. The elastic behavior of retrofitted beams provides useful information for design of fatigue strengthening systems. A total of seven steel beams including one control unstrengthened beam and six strengthened beams were tested statically until failure in a simply supported four-point bending set-up. The steel beams were retrofitted by normal modulus (NM), high modulus (HM) and ultra-high modulus (UHM) carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates with nominal Young's moduli, ranging from 165 to 440. GPa. Each type of laminate was attached to the steel beams using bonded reinforcement (BR) and un-bonded reinforcement (UR) systems. There is no direct comparison between the BR and the UR systems in the literature. The main goal of the paper is to provide a better understating about the stress distribution along the beam bottom flange when the BR and the UR systems are used for strengthening. All specimens failed due to lateral-torsional buckling (LTB). The effect of different strengthening methods on buckling capacity of the retrofitted specimens was also studied. Experimental results have shown that strengthening using bonded UHM laminates could increase the stiffness of the composite section so that the steel profile has yielded prior to buckling and a larger reinforcement efficacy was then achieved.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- General Materials Science
- Engineering(all)
- Mechanics of Materials
- Engineering(all)
- Mechanical Engineering
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In: Materials and design, Vol. 67, 15.02.2015, p. 232-243.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Normal, high and ultra-high modulus carbon fiber-reinforced polymer laminates for bonded and un-bonded strengthening of steel beams
AU - Ghafoori, Elyas
AU - Motavalli, Masoud
N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Tobias Humbel from Empa for his excellent cooperation in performing the tests. The authors would also like to thank the technicians of the Structural Engineering Research Laboratory of Empa. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the Epsilon Composite Company, France, and the S&P Clever Reinforcement Company AG, Switzerland, for providing the materials for this study.
PY - 2015/2/15
Y1 - 2015/2/15
N2 - This paper studies the elastic behavior of steel beams strengthened with normal, high and ultra-high modulus CFRP laminates using bonded and un-bonded systems. The elastic behavior of retrofitted beams provides useful information for design of fatigue strengthening systems. A total of seven steel beams including one control unstrengthened beam and six strengthened beams were tested statically until failure in a simply supported four-point bending set-up. The steel beams were retrofitted by normal modulus (NM), high modulus (HM) and ultra-high modulus (UHM) carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates with nominal Young's moduli, ranging from 165 to 440. GPa. Each type of laminate was attached to the steel beams using bonded reinforcement (BR) and un-bonded reinforcement (UR) systems. There is no direct comparison between the BR and the UR systems in the literature. The main goal of the paper is to provide a better understating about the stress distribution along the beam bottom flange when the BR and the UR systems are used for strengthening. All specimens failed due to lateral-torsional buckling (LTB). The effect of different strengthening methods on buckling capacity of the retrofitted specimens was also studied. Experimental results have shown that strengthening using bonded UHM laminates could increase the stiffness of the composite section so that the steel profile has yielded prior to buckling and a larger reinforcement efficacy was then achieved.
AB - This paper studies the elastic behavior of steel beams strengthened with normal, high and ultra-high modulus CFRP laminates using bonded and un-bonded systems. The elastic behavior of retrofitted beams provides useful information for design of fatigue strengthening systems. A total of seven steel beams including one control unstrengthened beam and six strengthened beams were tested statically until failure in a simply supported four-point bending set-up. The steel beams were retrofitted by normal modulus (NM), high modulus (HM) and ultra-high modulus (UHM) carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates with nominal Young's moduli, ranging from 165 to 440. GPa. Each type of laminate was attached to the steel beams using bonded reinforcement (BR) and un-bonded reinforcement (UR) systems. There is no direct comparison between the BR and the UR systems in the literature. The main goal of the paper is to provide a better understating about the stress distribution along the beam bottom flange when the BR and the UR systems are used for strengthening. All specimens failed due to lateral-torsional buckling (LTB). The effect of different strengthening methods on buckling capacity of the retrofitted specimens was also studied. Experimental results have shown that strengthening using bonded UHM laminates could increase the stiffness of the composite section so that the steel profile has yielded prior to buckling and a larger reinforcement efficacy was then achieved.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84921446358&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.11.031
DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.11.031
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84921446358
VL - 67
SP - 232
EP - 243
JO - Materials and design
JF - Materials and design
SN - 0264-1275
ER -