Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 29-34 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences |
| Volume | 1076 |
| Early online date | 13 Jan 2018 |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Feb 2018 |
Abstract
Human smuggling and associated cross-border crimes have evolved as a major challenge for the European Union in recent years. Of particular concern is the increasing trend of smuggling migrants hidden inside shipping containers or trucks. Therefore, there is a growing demand for portable security devices for the non-intrusive and rapid monitoring of containers to detect people hiding inside. In this context, chemical analysis of volatiles organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the human body is proposed as a locating tool. In the present study, an in-house made ion mobility spectrometer coupled with gas chromatography (GC-IMS) was used to monitor the volatile moieties released from the human body under conditions that mimic entrapment. A total of 17 omnipresent volatile compounds were identified and quantified from 35 ion mobility peaks corresponding to human presence. These are 7 aldehydes (acrolein, 2-methylpropanal, 3-methylbutanal, 2-ethacrolein, n-hexanal, n-heptanal, benzaldehyde), 3 ketones (acetone, 2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone), 5 esters (ethyl formate, ethyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, butyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate), one alcohol (2-methyl-1-propanol) and one organic acid (acetic acid). The limits of detection (0.05–7.2 ppb) and relative standard deviations (0.6–11%) should be sufficient for detecting these markers of human presence in field conditions. This study shows that GC-IMS can be used as a portable field detector of hidden or entrapped people.
Keywords
- Entrapped victims, GC-IMS, Human occupancy detection, Human smuggling, Ion mobility spectrometry, Volatile organic compounds, Limit of Detection, Reproducibility of Results, Skin/metabolism, Humans, Middle Aged, Male, Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis, Young Adult, Adult, Female, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Breath Tests/methods
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- Analytical Chemistry
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Biochemistry
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Cell Biology
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, Vol. 1076, 15.02.2018, p. 29-34.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Monitoring of selected skin- and breath-borne volatile organic compounds emitted from the human body using gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS)
AU - Mochalski, Paweł
AU - Wiesenhofer, Helmut
AU - Allers, Maria
AU - Zimmermann, Stefan
AU - Güntner, Andreas T.
AU - Pineau, Nicolay J.
AU - Lederer, Wolfgang
AU - Agapiou, Agapios
AU - Mayhew, Christopher A.
AU - Ruzsanyi, Veronika
N1 - Funding information: [ This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 644031. PM and VR gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) for the program KIRAS Security Research under the grant DHS-AS 859586. ATG and NJP were generously supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 200021_159763/1). This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 644031 . PM and VR gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) for the program KIRAS Security Research under the grant DHS-AS 859586 . ATG and NJP were generously supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 200021_159763/1 ).
PY - 2018/2/15
Y1 - 2018/2/15
N2 - Human smuggling and associated cross-border crimes have evolved as a major challenge for the European Union in recent years. Of particular concern is the increasing trend of smuggling migrants hidden inside shipping containers or trucks. Therefore, there is a growing demand for portable security devices for the non-intrusive and rapid monitoring of containers to detect people hiding inside. In this context, chemical analysis of volatiles organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the human body is proposed as a locating tool. In the present study, an in-house made ion mobility spectrometer coupled with gas chromatography (GC-IMS) was used to monitor the volatile moieties released from the human body under conditions that mimic entrapment. A total of 17 omnipresent volatile compounds were identified and quantified from 35 ion mobility peaks corresponding to human presence. These are 7 aldehydes (acrolein, 2-methylpropanal, 3-methylbutanal, 2-ethacrolein, n-hexanal, n-heptanal, benzaldehyde), 3 ketones (acetone, 2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone), 5 esters (ethyl formate, ethyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, butyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate), one alcohol (2-methyl-1-propanol) and one organic acid (acetic acid). The limits of detection (0.05–7.2 ppb) and relative standard deviations (0.6–11%) should be sufficient for detecting these markers of human presence in field conditions. This study shows that GC-IMS can be used as a portable field detector of hidden or entrapped people.
AB - Human smuggling and associated cross-border crimes have evolved as a major challenge for the European Union in recent years. Of particular concern is the increasing trend of smuggling migrants hidden inside shipping containers or trucks. Therefore, there is a growing demand for portable security devices for the non-intrusive and rapid monitoring of containers to detect people hiding inside. In this context, chemical analysis of volatiles organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the human body is proposed as a locating tool. In the present study, an in-house made ion mobility spectrometer coupled with gas chromatography (GC-IMS) was used to monitor the volatile moieties released from the human body under conditions that mimic entrapment. A total of 17 omnipresent volatile compounds were identified and quantified from 35 ion mobility peaks corresponding to human presence. These are 7 aldehydes (acrolein, 2-methylpropanal, 3-methylbutanal, 2-ethacrolein, n-hexanal, n-heptanal, benzaldehyde), 3 ketones (acetone, 2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone), 5 esters (ethyl formate, ethyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, butyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate), one alcohol (2-methyl-1-propanol) and one organic acid (acetic acid). The limits of detection (0.05–7.2 ppb) and relative standard deviations (0.6–11%) should be sufficient for detecting these markers of human presence in field conditions. This study shows that GC-IMS can be used as a portable field detector of hidden or entrapped people.
KW - Entrapped victims
KW - GC-IMS
KW - Human occupancy detection
KW - Human smuggling
KW - Ion mobility spectrometry
KW - Volatile organic compounds
KW - Limit of Detection
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Skin/metabolism
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Male
KW - Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
KW - Young Adult
KW - Adult
KW - Female
KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods
KW - Breath Tests/methods
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85041312403&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.01.013
DO - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.01.013
M3 - Article
C2 - 29396365
AN - SCOPUS:85041312403
VL - 1076
SP - 29
EP - 34
JO - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
SN - 1570-0232
ER -