Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 042050 |
| Journal | Journal of laser applications |
| Volume | 33 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| Early online date | 11 Nov 2021 |
| Publication status | Published - Nov 2021 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
The properties of glass (e.g., transparency, chemical and thermal inertness) are advantageous for optical, microfluidic, and chemical applications. Additive manufacturing allows the creation of complex geometries and novel functionalities. In contrast to metals and polymers, there are limited options for digitally creating transparent glass geometries. Glass becomes viscous when heated above its transition temperature. This allows a bubble-free forming but requires precise thermal management. Previously explored studies established the deposition of multiple types of glasses using fiber and rod feedstocks. A significant challenge is the speed of the process. Phonon modes in all of these glasses directly absorb CO2-laser radiation (λ = 10.6 μm) with an optical penetration depth of <10 μm [J. Bliedtner, H. Müller, and A. Barz, Lasermaterialbearbeitung: Grundlagen-Verfahren-Anwendungen-Beispiele (Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG, Munich, Germany, 2013), ISBN:3446429298]. The thermal energy must diffuse through the glass with low thermal conductivity to the interface with the workpiece. Faster deposition rates result in the temperature of the process zone exceeding the evaporation temperature for the material and cause material loss. This study quantifies the material loss due to evaporation for the first time and investigates the use of a CO laser (Coherent J-3-5) for the laser glass deposition process. Lower absorption in silica at the 5.5 μm wavelength of this laser permits much deeper optical penetration into the glass. The effects of surface versus volumetric heating resulting from the choice of laser are experimentally investigated by the deposition of glass fibers with different deposition rates with demonstrations of lower vaporization rates under faster deposition conditions.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
- Engineering(all)
- Biomedical Engineering
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Instrumentation
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In: Journal of laser applications, Vol. 33, No. 4, 042050, 11.2021.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Material loss analysis in glass additive manufacturing by laser glass deposition
AU - Sleiman, Khodor
AU - Rettschlag, Katharina
AU - Jäschke, Peter
AU - Capps, Nicholas
AU - Kinzel, Edward C.
AU - Overmeyer, Ludger
AU - Kaierle, Stefan
N1 - Funding Information: This research has been funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy within the Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (EXC 2122, Project ID 390833453).
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - The properties of glass (e.g., transparency, chemical and thermal inertness) are advantageous for optical, microfluidic, and chemical applications. Additive manufacturing allows the creation of complex geometries and novel functionalities. In contrast to metals and polymers, there are limited options for digitally creating transparent glass geometries. Glass becomes viscous when heated above its transition temperature. This allows a bubble-free forming but requires precise thermal management. Previously explored studies established the deposition of multiple types of glasses using fiber and rod feedstocks. A significant challenge is the speed of the process. Phonon modes in all of these glasses directly absorb CO2-laser radiation (λ = 10.6 μm) with an optical penetration depth of <10 μm [J. Bliedtner, H. Müller, and A. Barz, Lasermaterialbearbeitung: Grundlagen-Verfahren-Anwendungen-Beispiele (Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG, Munich, Germany, 2013), ISBN:3446429298]. The thermal energy must diffuse through the glass with low thermal conductivity to the interface with the workpiece. Faster deposition rates result in the temperature of the process zone exceeding the evaporation temperature for the material and cause material loss. This study quantifies the material loss due to evaporation for the first time and investigates the use of a CO laser (Coherent J-3-5) for the laser glass deposition process. Lower absorption in silica at the 5.5 μm wavelength of this laser permits much deeper optical penetration into the glass. The effects of surface versus volumetric heating resulting from the choice of laser are experimentally investigated by the deposition of glass fibers with different deposition rates with demonstrations of lower vaporization rates under faster deposition conditions.
AB - The properties of glass (e.g., transparency, chemical and thermal inertness) are advantageous for optical, microfluidic, and chemical applications. Additive manufacturing allows the creation of complex geometries and novel functionalities. In contrast to metals and polymers, there are limited options for digitally creating transparent glass geometries. Glass becomes viscous when heated above its transition temperature. This allows a bubble-free forming but requires precise thermal management. Previously explored studies established the deposition of multiple types of glasses using fiber and rod feedstocks. A significant challenge is the speed of the process. Phonon modes in all of these glasses directly absorb CO2-laser radiation (λ = 10.6 μm) with an optical penetration depth of <10 μm [J. Bliedtner, H. Müller, and A. Barz, Lasermaterialbearbeitung: Grundlagen-Verfahren-Anwendungen-Beispiele (Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH Co KG, Munich, Germany, 2013), ISBN:3446429298]. The thermal energy must diffuse through the glass with low thermal conductivity to the interface with the workpiece. Faster deposition rates result in the temperature of the process zone exceeding the evaporation temperature for the material and cause material loss. This study quantifies the material loss due to evaporation for the first time and investigates the use of a CO laser (Coherent J-3-5) for the laser glass deposition process. Lower absorption in silica at the 5.5 μm wavelength of this laser permits much deeper optical penetration into the glass. The effects of surface versus volumetric heating resulting from the choice of laser are experimentally investigated by the deposition of glass fibers with different deposition rates with demonstrations of lower vaporization rates under faster deposition conditions.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119382343&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2351/7.0000482
DO - 10.2351/7.0000482
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85119382343
VL - 33
JO - Journal of laser applications
JF - Journal of laser applications
SN - 1042-346X
IS - 4
M1 - 042050
ER -