TY - JOUR

T1 - Laser metal deposition strategies for repairing flat and notched substrates made of Ni-based single crystalline superalloys

AU - Pereira, Adriano de Souza Pinto

AU - Van Hooff, Camiel

AU - Pereira, Milton

AU - Weingaertner, Walter Lindolfo

AU - Buchbender, Irene

AU - Kaierle, Stefan

AU - Fredel, Márcio Celso

N1 - Funding Information: The work presented here had the support and/or cooperation of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, the Laboratório de Mecânica de Precisão (LMP-LASER), the Laboratório Central de Microscopia Eletrônica (LCME), the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, and the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the scope of the subproject B5 “Single crystalline laser cladding” of the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB 871 “Product Regeneration”). This study was also financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq. Thanks go to all the institution above for their support.

PY - 2019/5/1

Y1 - 2019/5/1

N2 - Laser metal deposition, or laser cladding, has been applied to repair and manufacture turbine blades as well as other superalloy components. In some cases, these applications can lower parts manufacturing and maintenance costs, or even increase engine efficiency; therefore, they attract considerable interest from the aerospace industry. However, the single crystalline (SX) repair of Ni-based superalloy parts is still a technology under development. Recent works aimed to understand the solidification phenomena present in a laser-formed melt pool or to achieve SX depositions through epitaxial solidification computational modeling. Here, to attain high SX depositions on flat and notched substrates without the need of such sophisticated methods, a previously developed design of experiments (DoE) for laser remelting was used to produce SX clad tracks. New data related to this DoE are presented, describing its characteristics and possible improvement. Furthermore, a remolten clad track extracted from the DoE was used as a basis to three cladding strategies applied on flat (010) substrates. From such depositions, one strategy was chosen to also be applied on a (110) substrate, yielding insights on the interaction between substrate orientation, cladding strategy, and track parameterization adequacy. The depositions were evaluated through electron backscatter diffraction mapping and profiling, as well as oriented-to-misoriented observation. Finally, the clad tracks’ disposition of a successful SX deposition was used to determine a notch profile. The notch profile was then machined into a substrate, simulating a crack repair, and filled accordingly. This extrapolation from flat to notch was based on simple geometrical considerations and resulted in an SX notch fill. Therefore, showing evidence that the sequence of considerations taken is a promising approach to define notch geometry for SX repair. The cladding strategies evaluated, the verified DoE, and the approach taken for notch filling may be of use to researchers and engineers when planning more sophisticated procedures that aim the repair of Ni-based SX components.

AB - Laser metal deposition, or laser cladding, has been applied to repair and manufacture turbine blades as well as other superalloy components. In some cases, these applications can lower parts manufacturing and maintenance costs, or even increase engine efficiency; therefore, they attract considerable interest from the aerospace industry. However, the single crystalline (SX) repair of Ni-based superalloy parts is still a technology under development. Recent works aimed to understand the solidification phenomena present in a laser-formed melt pool or to achieve SX depositions through epitaxial solidification computational modeling. Here, to attain high SX depositions on flat and notched substrates without the need of such sophisticated methods, a previously developed design of experiments (DoE) for laser remelting was used to produce SX clad tracks. New data related to this DoE are presented, describing its characteristics and possible improvement. Furthermore, a remolten clad track extracted from the DoE was used as a basis to three cladding strategies applied on flat (010) substrates. From such depositions, one strategy was chosen to also be applied on a (110) substrate, yielding insights on the interaction between substrate orientation, cladding strategy, and track parameterization adequacy. The depositions were evaluated through electron backscatter diffraction mapping and profiling, as well as oriented-to-misoriented observation. Finally, the clad tracks’ disposition of a successful SX deposition was used to determine a notch profile. The notch profile was then machined into a substrate, simulating a crack repair, and filled accordingly. This extrapolation from flat to notch was based on simple geometrical considerations and resulted in an SX notch fill. Therefore, showing evidence that the sequence of considerations taken is a promising approach to define notch geometry for SX repair. The cladding strategies evaluated, the verified DoE, and the approach taken for notch filling may be of use to researchers and engineers when planning more sophisticated procedures that aim the repair of Ni-based SX components.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064487506&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.2351/1.5096134

DO - 10.2351/1.5096134

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85064487506

VL - 31

JO - Journal of laser applications

JF - Journal of laser applications

SN - 1042-346X

IS - 2

M1 - 022513

ER -