Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 49769 |
| Journal | Journal of applied polymer science |
| Volume | 138 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| Early online date | 28 Oct 2020 |
| Publication status | Published - 5 Feb 2021 |
Abstract
The glass transition is relevant for performance definition in rubber products. For extrapolation to high-frequency behavior, time–temperature superposition is usually assumed, although most complex rubber compounds might be outside of its area of validity. Fast differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC) with cooling rates up to 1500 K/s and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) with frequencies up to 20 MHz are applied here to directly access both kinetics and dynamics of glass formation in a wide frequency range. For the first-time, the relation between the thermal vitrification and the dielectric relaxation is studied on vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber, showing that both cooling rate and frequency dependence of its glass transition can be described by one single Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse equation. The results indicate the validity of the Frenkel-Kobeko-Reiner equation. Another focus is the sample preparation of vulcanized elastomers for FDSC and BDS as well as the temperature calibration below 0°C.
Keywords
- dielectric properties, glass transition, kinetics, rubber, thermal properties
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- General Chemistry
- Materials Science(all)
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Materials Science(all)
- Polymers and Plastics
- Materials Science(all)
- Materials Chemistry
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In: Journal of applied polymer science, Vol. 138, No. 5, 49769, 05.02.2021.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Kinetics of the glass transition of styrene-butadiene-rubber
T2 - Dielectric spectroscopy and fast differential scanning calorimetry
AU - Lindemann, Niclas
AU - Schawe, Jürgen E.K.
AU - Lacayo-Pineda, Jorge
N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with D. Wilmer (Novocontrol Technologies), F. Kremer (Universität Leipzig) and A. Karimi (Continental Tires) as well as the permission for publication granted by Continental Tires. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 760907. Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
PY - 2021/2/5
Y1 - 2021/2/5
N2 - The glass transition is relevant for performance definition in rubber products. For extrapolation to high-frequency behavior, time–temperature superposition is usually assumed, although most complex rubber compounds might be outside of its area of validity. Fast differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC) with cooling rates up to 1500 K/s and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) with frequencies up to 20 MHz are applied here to directly access both kinetics and dynamics of glass formation in a wide frequency range. For the first-time, the relation between the thermal vitrification and the dielectric relaxation is studied on vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber, showing that both cooling rate and frequency dependence of its glass transition can be described by one single Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse equation. The results indicate the validity of the Frenkel-Kobeko-Reiner equation. Another focus is the sample preparation of vulcanized elastomers for FDSC and BDS as well as the temperature calibration below 0°C.
AB - The glass transition is relevant for performance definition in rubber products. For extrapolation to high-frequency behavior, time–temperature superposition is usually assumed, although most complex rubber compounds might be outside of its area of validity. Fast differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC) with cooling rates up to 1500 K/s and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) with frequencies up to 20 MHz are applied here to directly access both kinetics and dynamics of glass formation in a wide frequency range. For the first-time, the relation between the thermal vitrification and the dielectric relaxation is studied on vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber, showing that both cooling rate and frequency dependence of its glass transition can be described by one single Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse equation. The results indicate the validity of the Frenkel-Kobeko-Reiner equation. Another focus is the sample preparation of vulcanized elastomers for FDSC and BDS as well as the temperature calibration below 0°C.
KW - dielectric properties
KW - glass transition
KW - kinetics
KW - rubber
KW - thermal properties
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089296470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/app.49769
DO - 10.1002/app.49769
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85089296470
VL - 138
JO - Journal of applied polymer science
JF - Journal of applied polymer science
SN - 0021-8995
IS - 5
M1 - 49769
ER -