Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 2626 |
| Journal | Polymers |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue number | 13 |
| Early online date | 28 Jun 2022 |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jul 2022 |
Abstract
Resins are important for enhancing both the processability and performance of rubber. Their efficient utilization requires knowledge about their influence on the dynamic glass transition and their miscibility behavior in the specific rubber compound. The resins investigated, poly-(α-methylstyrene) (AMS) and indene-coumarone (IC), differ in molecular rigidity but have a similar aromaticity degree and glass transition temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations show an accumulation of IC around the silanized silica in styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) at high contents, while AMS does not show this effect. This higher affinity between IC and the silica surface leads to an increased compactness of the filler network, as determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The influence of the resin content on the glass transition of the rubber compounds is evaluated in the sense of the Gordon–Taylor equation and suggests a rigid amorphous fraction for the accumulated IC. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and fast differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC) are applied for the characterization of the dielectric and thermal relaxations as well as for the corresponding vitrification kinetics. The cooling rate dependence of the vitrification process is combined with the thermal and dielectric relaxation time by one single Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann–Hesse equation, showing an increased fragility of the rubber containing AMS.
Keywords
- BDS, FDSC, glass transition, kinetics, resin, rubber
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- Materials Science(all)
- Polymers and Plastics
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In: Polymers, Vol. 14, No. 13, 2626, 01.07.2022.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Kinetics of the Glass Transition of Silica-Filled Styrene–Butadiene Rubber
T2 - The Effect of Resins
AU - Lindemann, Niclas
AU - Schawe, Jürgen E.K.
AU - Lacayo-Pineda, Jorge
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, grant number 760907. The APC was funded by the Open Access Publishing Fund of Leibniz Universität, Hannover.
PY - 2022/7/1
Y1 - 2022/7/1
N2 - Resins are important for enhancing both the processability and performance of rubber. Their efficient utilization requires knowledge about their influence on the dynamic glass transition and their miscibility behavior in the specific rubber compound. The resins investigated, poly-(α-methylstyrene) (AMS) and indene-coumarone (IC), differ in molecular rigidity but have a similar aromaticity degree and glass transition temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations show an accumulation of IC around the silanized silica in styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) at high contents, while AMS does not show this effect. This higher affinity between IC and the silica surface leads to an increased compactness of the filler network, as determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The influence of the resin content on the glass transition of the rubber compounds is evaluated in the sense of the Gordon–Taylor equation and suggests a rigid amorphous fraction for the accumulated IC. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and fast differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC) are applied for the characterization of the dielectric and thermal relaxations as well as for the corresponding vitrification kinetics. The cooling rate dependence of the vitrification process is combined with the thermal and dielectric relaxation time by one single Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann–Hesse equation, showing an increased fragility of the rubber containing AMS.
AB - Resins are important for enhancing both the processability and performance of rubber. Their efficient utilization requires knowledge about their influence on the dynamic glass transition and their miscibility behavior in the specific rubber compound. The resins investigated, poly-(α-methylstyrene) (AMS) and indene-coumarone (IC), differ in molecular rigidity but have a similar aromaticity degree and glass transition temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations show an accumulation of IC around the silanized silica in styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) at high contents, while AMS does not show this effect. This higher affinity between IC and the silica surface leads to an increased compactness of the filler network, as determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The influence of the resin content on the glass transition of the rubber compounds is evaluated in the sense of the Gordon–Taylor equation and suggests a rigid amorphous fraction for the accumulated IC. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and fast differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC) are applied for the characterization of the dielectric and thermal relaxations as well as for the corresponding vitrification kinetics. The cooling rate dependence of the vitrification process is combined with the thermal and dielectric relaxation time by one single Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann–Hesse equation, showing an increased fragility of the rubber containing AMS.
KW - BDS
KW - FDSC
KW - glass transition
KW - kinetics
KW - resin
KW - rubber
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133441188&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/polym14132626
DO - 10.3390/polym14132626
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85133441188
VL - 14
JO - Polymers
JF - Polymers
SN - 2073-4360
IS - 13
M1 - 2626
ER -