Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Advanced engineering materials |
| Early online date | 10 Oct 2024 |
| Publication status | E-pub ahead of print - 10 Oct 2024 |
Abstract
In this study, the morphology, distribution, and local thickness of the intermetallic compound layer (IMC-layer) in friction-welded steel-aluminum hybrid components used for Tailored Forming applications are investigated. By friction-welding of steel and aluminum, which is the first step in the Tailored Forming process chain, an IMC-layer in the joining zone is formed. In this study, the influence of friction-welding parameters, such as rotational speed, friction pressure, friction length, upsetting pressure, and upsetting time, on local IMC-layer thickness and distribution is examined. For characterization, a detailed analysis over the whole joining surface by means of scanning electron microscopy and a thorough statistical evaluation are employed. In the results, it is indicated that lower rotational speeds (700 rpm) in the friction phase result in more uniform and thinner IMC-layer (<0.5 μm), while higher speeds (1600 rpm) produce a thicker and more heterogeneous IMC- layer (up to 0.9 μm). Tensile tests show that specimens with thinner mean IMC-layer (0.17 μm) feature a higher tensile strength (244 MPa). The morphology and distribution of the IMC-layer over the cross section of the friction-welded specimen have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the joint, with a uniform thin layer improving the tensile strength.
Keywords
- aluminums, friction-weldings, intermetallic compound layers, intermetallic phases, steels, tailored forming
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
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In: Advanced engineering materials, 10.10.2024.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Intermetallic Compound Layer Morphology and Distribution in Friction-Welded Steel–Aluminum Components
AU - Kahra, Christoph
AU - Piwek, Armin
AU - Peddinghaus, Julius
AU - Brunotte, Kai
AU - Maier, Hans Jürgen
AU - Nürnberger, Florian
AU - Herbst, Sebastian
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Engineering Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024/10/10
Y1 - 2024/10/10
N2 - In this study, the morphology, distribution, and local thickness of the intermetallic compound layer (IMC-layer) in friction-welded steel-aluminum hybrid components used for Tailored Forming applications are investigated. By friction-welding of steel and aluminum, which is the first step in the Tailored Forming process chain, an IMC-layer in the joining zone is formed. In this study, the influence of friction-welding parameters, such as rotational speed, friction pressure, friction length, upsetting pressure, and upsetting time, on local IMC-layer thickness and distribution is examined. For characterization, a detailed analysis over the whole joining surface by means of scanning electron microscopy and a thorough statistical evaluation are employed. In the results, it is indicated that lower rotational speeds (700 rpm) in the friction phase result in more uniform and thinner IMC-layer (<0.5 μm), while higher speeds (1600 rpm) produce a thicker and more heterogeneous IMC- layer (up to 0.9 μm). Tensile tests show that specimens with thinner mean IMC-layer (0.17 μm) feature a higher tensile strength (244 MPa). The morphology and distribution of the IMC-layer over the cross section of the friction-welded specimen have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the joint, with a uniform thin layer improving the tensile strength.
AB - In this study, the morphology, distribution, and local thickness of the intermetallic compound layer (IMC-layer) in friction-welded steel-aluminum hybrid components used for Tailored Forming applications are investigated. By friction-welding of steel and aluminum, which is the first step in the Tailored Forming process chain, an IMC-layer in the joining zone is formed. In this study, the influence of friction-welding parameters, such as rotational speed, friction pressure, friction length, upsetting pressure, and upsetting time, on local IMC-layer thickness and distribution is examined. For characterization, a detailed analysis over the whole joining surface by means of scanning electron microscopy and a thorough statistical evaluation are employed. In the results, it is indicated that lower rotational speeds (700 rpm) in the friction phase result in more uniform and thinner IMC-layer (<0.5 μm), while higher speeds (1600 rpm) produce a thicker and more heterogeneous IMC- layer (up to 0.9 μm). Tensile tests show that specimens with thinner mean IMC-layer (0.17 μm) feature a higher tensile strength (244 MPa). The morphology and distribution of the IMC-layer over the cross section of the friction-welded specimen have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the joint, with a uniform thin layer improving the tensile strength.
KW - aluminums
KW - friction-weldings
KW - intermetallic compound layers
KW - intermetallic phases
KW - steels
KW - tailored forming
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85205756435&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/adem.202401606
DO - 10.1002/adem.202401606
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85205756435
JO - Advanced engineering materials
JF - Advanced engineering materials
SN - 1438-1656
ER -