Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Proceedings of the 40th IAHR World Congress |
| Editors | Helmut Habersack, Michael Tritthart, Lisa Waldenberger |
| Pages | 2720-2729 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Publication status | Published - 2023 |
| Event | 40th IAHR World Congress, 2023 - Vienna, Austria Duration: 21 Aug 2023 → 25 Aug 2023 |
Publication series
| Name | Proceedings of the IAHR World Congress |
|---|---|
| ISSN (Print) | 2521-7119 |
| ISSN (electronic) | 2521-716X |
Abstract
Unplanned urban growth has been a recurrent problem affecting the hydrological watershed response, especially in tropical countries with short rainfall durations and high rainfall intensities. Uncontrolled urban growth complemented with extreme rainfall conditions causes high runoff volumes that require large-scale engineering interventions for proper management. This study aims to develop integral-multifunctional naturebased solution (NBS) scenarios to aid the hydrological, ecological and social recovery of urban watersheds in tropical areas and promote the fulfillment of the 2030 milestones of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A tropical watershed (23 km²) located in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica was investigated regarding the spatio-temporal urbanization process between 1945 and 2019, based on remote sensing data and its hydrological response. The analysis of the urbanization process of the watershed (+64% urban) allowed identifying severe alterations of the hydrological cycle resulting in runoff volume increases (80%), peak flow and peak specific discharge increase (250%), and a time to peak reduction (25 minutes), triggering flooding problems. Once the problem was identified, integral NBS implementation scenarios were developed, based on their performance, space availability, and strategic location within the watershed to provide multiple functions, evaluating the level of recovery that could be achieved. For the development of the scenarios, some of the hydrological, ecological, social, economic and political benefits provided by NBS were analyzed. The available space was evaluated, based on the current land cover classification and its urban configuration, defining the potential for NBS implementation, both in residential and industrial areas. Specific opportunities and needs for increasing social and ecological connectivity through NBS were considered. This scenario building tool aims to develop a comprehensive replicable methodology for the recovery of urban tropical watersheds and promote better progress in the pursuit of meeting the 2030 milestones of the United Nations SDGs.
Keywords
- Costa Rica, flooding, Land cover change, Nature-based solutions, Urbanization
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- Engineering (miscellaneous)
- Engineering(all)
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- Engineering(all)
- Ocean Engineering
- Environmental Science(all)
- Water Science and Technology
Sustainable Development Goals
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Proceedings of the 40th IAHR World Congress. ed. / Helmut Habersack; Michael Tritthart; Lisa Waldenberger. 2023. p. 2720-2729 (Proceedings of the IAHR World Congress).
Research output: Chapter in book/report/conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Research › peer review
}
TY - GEN
T1 - Integrated development of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) for tropical urban watershed restoration
AU - Bonilla Brenes, José Ricardo
AU - Morales Mora, Martín
AU - Vega, Rafael Oreamuno
AU - Hack, Jochen
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Unplanned urban growth has been a recurrent problem affecting the hydrological watershed response, especially in tropical countries with short rainfall durations and high rainfall intensities. Uncontrolled urban growth complemented with extreme rainfall conditions causes high runoff volumes that require large-scale engineering interventions for proper management. This study aims to develop integral-multifunctional naturebased solution (NBS) scenarios to aid the hydrological, ecological and social recovery of urban watersheds in tropical areas and promote the fulfillment of the 2030 milestones of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A tropical watershed (23 km²) located in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica was investigated regarding the spatio-temporal urbanization process between 1945 and 2019, based on remote sensing data and its hydrological response. The analysis of the urbanization process of the watershed (+64% urban) allowed identifying severe alterations of the hydrological cycle resulting in runoff volume increases (80%), peak flow and peak specific discharge increase (250%), and a time to peak reduction (25 minutes), triggering flooding problems. Once the problem was identified, integral NBS implementation scenarios were developed, based on their performance, space availability, and strategic location within the watershed to provide multiple functions, evaluating the level of recovery that could be achieved. For the development of the scenarios, some of the hydrological, ecological, social, economic and political benefits provided by NBS were analyzed. The available space was evaluated, based on the current land cover classification and its urban configuration, defining the potential for NBS implementation, both in residential and industrial areas. Specific opportunities and needs for increasing social and ecological connectivity through NBS were considered. This scenario building tool aims to develop a comprehensive replicable methodology for the recovery of urban tropical watersheds and promote better progress in the pursuit of meeting the 2030 milestones of the United Nations SDGs.
AB - Unplanned urban growth has been a recurrent problem affecting the hydrological watershed response, especially in tropical countries with short rainfall durations and high rainfall intensities. Uncontrolled urban growth complemented with extreme rainfall conditions causes high runoff volumes that require large-scale engineering interventions for proper management. This study aims to develop integral-multifunctional naturebased solution (NBS) scenarios to aid the hydrological, ecological and social recovery of urban watersheds in tropical areas and promote the fulfillment of the 2030 milestones of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A tropical watershed (23 km²) located in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica was investigated regarding the spatio-temporal urbanization process between 1945 and 2019, based on remote sensing data and its hydrological response. The analysis of the urbanization process of the watershed (+64% urban) allowed identifying severe alterations of the hydrological cycle resulting in runoff volume increases (80%), peak flow and peak specific discharge increase (250%), and a time to peak reduction (25 minutes), triggering flooding problems. Once the problem was identified, integral NBS implementation scenarios were developed, based on their performance, space availability, and strategic location within the watershed to provide multiple functions, evaluating the level of recovery that could be achieved. For the development of the scenarios, some of the hydrological, ecological, social, economic and political benefits provided by NBS were analyzed. The available space was evaluated, based on the current land cover classification and its urban configuration, defining the potential for NBS implementation, both in residential and industrial areas. Specific opportunities and needs for increasing social and ecological connectivity through NBS were considered. This scenario building tool aims to develop a comprehensive replicable methodology for the recovery of urban tropical watersheds and promote better progress in the pursuit of meeting the 2030 milestones of the United Nations SDGs.
KW - Costa Rica
KW - flooding
KW - Land cover change
KW - Nature-based solutions
KW - Urbanization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85187682496&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3850/978-90-833476-1-5_iahr40wc-p1202-cd
DO - 10.3850/978-90-833476-1-5_iahr40wc-p1202-cd
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85187682496
SN - 9789083347615
T3 - Proceedings of the IAHR World Congress
SP - 2720
EP - 2729
BT - Proceedings of the 40th IAHR World Congress
A2 - Habersack, Helmut
A2 - Tritthart, Michael
A2 - Waldenberger, Lisa
T2 - 40th IAHR World Congress, 2023
Y2 - 21 August 2023 through 25 August 2023
ER -