Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 39-49 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids |
| Volume | 106 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Mar 2016 |
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is associated with inflammation and weight reduction has been shown to influence the inflammatory process. Besides classic inflammatory markers, oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites (oxylipins) are potent mediators of inflammation. Little is known about endogenous levels of oxylipins, e.g. hydroxy, epoxy and dihydroxy FA in obese subjects with persistent low-grade inflammation. We aimed to evaluate levels of inflammatory markers and blood oxylipins in obese subjects before and after weight reduction. Subjects and methods: In the present study, 42 obese (BMI 32.7±0.22 kg/m 2) men and women were classified in groups according to high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (no inflammation<1 mg/L; low-grade inflammation≥3 mg/L). Subjects underwent an intervention for eight weeks, which consisted of two phases: (1) week 1 and 2: total replacement of three meals by a formula diet and (2) six week partial formula diet (replacement of 1-2 meals). Blood samples were taken prior and post intervention for analysis of plasma protein levels of hsCRP, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Plasma Levels of free (unesterified) hydroxy, epoxy, and dihydroxy FAs as well as several prostanoids were analyzed in plasma by means of LC-MS-based targeted metabolomics. Results: At baseline subjects with low-grade inflammation (hsCRP 8.95±1.39 mg/L) showed significant higher levels of IL-6 (22.7±1.15 ng/L) and TNF-α (17.4±0.75 ng/L) compared to subjects with no inflammation (hsCRP: 0.69±0.05 mg/L; IL-6: 15.9±1.18 ng/L; TNF-α: 14.6±0.80 ng/L). In both group's body weight was significantly reduced (p<0.001) after intervention (no inflammation group: -7.19±0.86 kg, -7.3±0.89%, p<0.001; low-grade inflammation group: -6.78±0.87 kg, -6.7±0.81%, p<0.001). Moreover, we observed significant decreases in levels of hsCRP (4.66±0.64 mg/L; p=0.006), IL-6 (6.81±1.15 ng/L; p<0.001) and TNF-α (6.09±0.47 ng/L; p<0.001) in subjects with low-grade inflammation. Of 60 quantified oxylipins, 11 linoleic acid (LA)-, 1 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA)-, 7 alpha linolenic acid (ALA)-, 15 arachidonic acid (AA)-, 8 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)- and 18 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-metabolites could be detected in plasma. For most oxylipins no differences were found between the low and high hsCRP groups before and after weight reduction. Interestingly, in subjects with low- grade inflammation several AA-derived oxylipins (5-, 8-, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE)) were significantly higher compared to subjects with no inflammation before weight reduction and significantly reduced after weight reduction. Conclusion: Even moderate weight loss in obese subjects correlates to a significant improvement in the inflammatory state, by reducing hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α and few oxylipins. The biological consequences of these changes remain to be further investigated.
Keywords
- C-Reactive Protein/metabolism, Caloric Restriction/methods, Diet, Fat-Restricted/methods, Female, Humans, Interleukin-6/blood, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity/blood, Oxylipins/blood, Treatment Outcome, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood, Weight Loss, Obesity, PUFA, Weight loss, Inflammation, Oxylipins
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Cell Biology
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, Vol. 106, No. 3, 01.03.2016, p. 39-49.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of weight reduction on blood levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and oxylipins in obese subjects
AU - Möller, Katharina
AU - Ostermann, Annika I
AU - Rund, Katharina
AU - Thoms, Stefanie
AU - Blume, Cornelia
AU - Stahl, Frank
AU - Hahn, Andreas
AU - Schebb, Nils Helge
AU - Schuchardt, Jan Philipp
N1 - Funding information: The provision of the test products by Certmedica International GmbH (Aschaffenburg, Germany) is kindly acknowledged. The authors are solely responsible for the design and conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data, as well as preparation of the manuscript. We would like to thank the participants who contributed their time to this project. This study was supported by a Marie Curie Career Integration Grant to NHS ( CIG 293536 ), a grant of the fellowship of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie to NHS, and grants from German Research Foundation (Grant SCHE 1801 and SCHU 2516 ) to NHS and JPS.
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - Introduction: Obesity is associated with inflammation and weight reduction has been shown to influence the inflammatory process. Besides classic inflammatory markers, oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites (oxylipins) are potent mediators of inflammation. Little is known about endogenous levels of oxylipins, e.g. hydroxy, epoxy and dihydroxy FA in obese subjects with persistent low-grade inflammation. We aimed to evaluate levels of inflammatory markers and blood oxylipins in obese subjects before and after weight reduction. Subjects and methods: In the present study, 42 obese (BMI 32.7±0.22 kg/m 2) men and women were classified in groups according to high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (no inflammation<1 mg/L; low-grade inflammation≥3 mg/L). Subjects underwent an intervention for eight weeks, which consisted of two phases: (1) week 1 and 2: total replacement of three meals by a formula diet and (2) six week partial formula diet (replacement of 1-2 meals). Blood samples were taken prior and post intervention for analysis of plasma protein levels of hsCRP, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Plasma Levels of free (unesterified) hydroxy, epoxy, and dihydroxy FAs as well as several prostanoids were analyzed in plasma by means of LC-MS-based targeted metabolomics. Results: At baseline subjects with low-grade inflammation (hsCRP 8.95±1.39 mg/L) showed significant higher levels of IL-6 (22.7±1.15 ng/L) and TNF-α (17.4±0.75 ng/L) compared to subjects with no inflammation (hsCRP: 0.69±0.05 mg/L; IL-6: 15.9±1.18 ng/L; TNF-α: 14.6±0.80 ng/L). In both group's body weight was significantly reduced (p<0.001) after intervention (no inflammation group: -7.19±0.86 kg, -7.3±0.89%, p<0.001; low-grade inflammation group: -6.78±0.87 kg, -6.7±0.81%, p<0.001). Moreover, we observed significant decreases in levels of hsCRP (4.66±0.64 mg/L; p=0.006), IL-6 (6.81±1.15 ng/L; p<0.001) and TNF-α (6.09±0.47 ng/L; p<0.001) in subjects with low-grade inflammation. Of 60 quantified oxylipins, 11 linoleic acid (LA)-, 1 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA)-, 7 alpha linolenic acid (ALA)-, 15 arachidonic acid (AA)-, 8 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)- and 18 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-metabolites could be detected in plasma. For most oxylipins no differences were found between the low and high hsCRP groups before and after weight reduction. Interestingly, in subjects with low- grade inflammation several AA-derived oxylipins (5-, 8-, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE)) were significantly higher compared to subjects with no inflammation before weight reduction and significantly reduced after weight reduction. Conclusion: Even moderate weight loss in obese subjects correlates to a significant improvement in the inflammatory state, by reducing hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α and few oxylipins. The biological consequences of these changes remain to be further investigated.
AB - Introduction: Obesity is associated with inflammation and weight reduction has been shown to influence the inflammatory process. Besides classic inflammatory markers, oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites (oxylipins) are potent mediators of inflammation. Little is known about endogenous levels of oxylipins, e.g. hydroxy, epoxy and dihydroxy FA in obese subjects with persistent low-grade inflammation. We aimed to evaluate levels of inflammatory markers and blood oxylipins in obese subjects before and after weight reduction. Subjects and methods: In the present study, 42 obese (BMI 32.7±0.22 kg/m 2) men and women were classified in groups according to high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (no inflammation<1 mg/L; low-grade inflammation≥3 mg/L). Subjects underwent an intervention for eight weeks, which consisted of two phases: (1) week 1 and 2: total replacement of three meals by a formula diet and (2) six week partial formula diet (replacement of 1-2 meals). Blood samples were taken prior and post intervention for analysis of plasma protein levels of hsCRP, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Plasma Levels of free (unesterified) hydroxy, epoxy, and dihydroxy FAs as well as several prostanoids were analyzed in plasma by means of LC-MS-based targeted metabolomics. Results: At baseline subjects with low-grade inflammation (hsCRP 8.95±1.39 mg/L) showed significant higher levels of IL-6 (22.7±1.15 ng/L) and TNF-α (17.4±0.75 ng/L) compared to subjects with no inflammation (hsCRP: 0.69±0.05 mg/L; IL-6: 15.9±1.18 ng/L; TNF-α: 14.6±0.80 ng/L). In both group's body weight was significantly reduced (p<0.001) after intervention (no inflammation group: -7.19±0.86 kg, -7.3±0.89%, p<0.001; low-grade inflammation group: -6.78±0.87 kg, -6.7±0.81%, p<0.001). Moreover, we observed significant decreases in levels of hsCRP (4.66±0.64 mg/L; p=0.006), IL-6 (6.81±1.15 ng/L; p<0.001) and TNF-α (6.09±0.47 ng/L; p<0.001) in subjects with low-grade inflammation. Of 60 quantified oxylipins, 11 linoleic acid (LA)-, 1 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA)-, 7 alpha linolenic acid (ALA)-, 15 arachidonic acid (AA)-, 8 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)- and 18 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-metabolites could be detected in plasma. For most oxylipins no differences were found between the low and high hsCRP groups before and after weight reduction. Interestingly, in subjects with low- grade inflammation several AA-derived oxylipins (5-, 8-, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE)) were significantly higher compared to subjects with no inflammation before weight reduction and significantly reduced after weight reduction. Conclusion: Even moderate weight loss in obese subjects correlates to a significant improvement in the inflammatory state, by reducing hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α and few oxylipins. The biological consequences of these changes remain to be further investigated.
KW - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
KW - Caloric Restriction/methods
KW - Diet, Fat-Restricted/methods
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Interleukin-6/blood
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Obesity/blood
KW - Oxylipins/blood
KW - Treatment Outcome
KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
KW - Weight Loss
KW - Obesity
KW - PUFA
KW - Weight loss
KW - Inflammation
KW - Oxylipins
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84959499648&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.12.001
DO - 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.12.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 26751601
VL - 106
SP - 39
EP - 49
JO - Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids
JF - Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids
SN - 0952-3278
IS - 3
ER -