Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 7493618 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1366-1381 |
| Number of pages | 16 |
| Journal | IEEE journal of photovoltaics |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| Publication status | Published - 16 Jun 2016 |
Abstract
Even though the passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept was introduced as a laboratory-Type solar cell in 1989, it took 25 years to transfer this concept into industrial mass production. Today, PERC-Type solar cells account for 10% of the worldwide produced solar cells, and their share is expected to rapidly increase up to 35% within the next few years. Record efficiencies up to 22.1% of industrial PERC cells approach an efficiency of 22.8% of the lab-Type PERC cell in 1989. This paper reviews the most important research results and technological developments of the past 25 years, which enabled the successful transfer of the lab-Type PERC concept into industrial mass production. Particular attention is paid to the development of AlO x /SiN y layer stacks with excellent rear surface passivation properties and low production costs. In addition, we summarize the most important research results and technological improvements of industrially processed local aluminum rear contacts. Furthermore, we describe the most relevant process flows to manufacture industrial PERC cells and address silicon wafer material requirements regarding high and stable charge carrier lifetimes. An outlook is provided on future development opportunities, which may further increase the conversion efficiency and the energy yield of industrial PERC solar cells.
Keywords
- AlOx, LBSF), light-induced degradation (LID), local aluminum back-surface field (Al-BSF, passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC), rear passivation, screen printing, silicon solar cells
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Engineering(all)
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
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In: IEEE journal of photovoltaics, Vol. 6, No. 5, 7493618, 16.06.2016, p. 1366-1381.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Industrial silicon solar cells applying the passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept
T2 - a review
AU - Dullweber, Thorsten
AU - Schmidt, Jan
PY - 2016/6/16
Y1 - 2016/6/16
N2 - Even though the passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept was introduced as a laboratory-Type solar cell in 1989, it took 25 years to transfer this concept into industrial mass production. Today, PERC-Type solar cells account for 10% of the worldwide produced solar cells, and their share is expected to rapidly increase up to 35% within the next few years. Record efficiencies up to 22.1% of industrial PERC cells approach an efficiency of 22.8% of the lab-Type PERC cell in 1989. This paper reviews the most important research results and technological developments of the past 25 years, which enabled the successful transfer of the lab-Type PERC concept into industrial mass production. Particular attention is paid to the development of AlO x /SiN y layer stacks with excellent rear surface passivation properties and low production costs. In addition, we summarize the most important research results and technological improvements of industrially processed local aluminum rear contacts. Furthermore, we describe the most relevant process flows to manufacture industrial PERC cells and address silicon wafer material requirements regarding high and stable charge carrier lifetimes. An outlook is provided on future development opportunities, which may further increase the conversion efficiency and the energy yield of industrial PERC solar cells.
AB - Even though the passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept was introduced as a laboratory-Type solar cell in 1989, it took 25 years to transfer this concept into industrial mass production. Today, PERC-Type solar cells account for 10% of the worldwide produced solar cells, and their share is expected to rapidly increase up to 35% within the next few years. Record efficiencies up to 22.1% of industrial PERC cells approach an efficiency of 22.8% of the lab-Type PERC cell in 1989. This paper reviews the most important research results and technological developments of the past 25 years, which enabled the successful transfer of the lab-Type PERC concept into industrial mass production. Particular attention is paid to the development of AlO x /SiN y layer stacks with excellent rear surface passivation properties and low production costs. In addition, we summarize the most important research results and technological improvements of industrially processed local aluminum rear contacts. Furthermore, we describe the most relevant process flows to manufacture industrial PERC cells and address silicon wafer material requirements regarding high and stable charge carrier lifetimes. An outlook is provided on future development opportunities, which may further increase the conversion efficiency and the energy yield of industrial PERC solar cells.
KW - AlOx
KW - LBSF)
KW - light-induced degradation (LID)
KW - local aluminum back-surface field (Al-BSF
KW - passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC)
KW - rear passivation
KW - screen printing
KW - silicon solar cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84975229564&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2016.2571627
DO - 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2016.2571627
M3 - Article
VL - 6
SP - 1366
EP - 1381
JO - IEEE journal of photovoltaics
JF - IEEE journal of photovoltaics
SN - 2156-3381
IS - 5
M1 - 7493618
ER -