Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 163-173 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical |
| Volume | 99 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Publication status | Published - 5 Aug 2004 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Wafer-level fabrication of integrated enzyme-based BioMEMS usually requires high temperature wafer-bonding techniques such as anodic bonding. Enzymes denature at comparatively low temperatures. Thus, enzymes need to be immobilized after wafer bonding. A convenient in-device immobilization method is presented allowing wafer-level patterning of enzymes inside micro-scale flow channels after wafer bonding. Enzymes are entrapped in a poly(vinyl alcohol)- styrylpyridinium (PVA-SbQ) membrane crosslinked by UV exposure through a transparent top wafer. The reaction kinetics of immobilized glucose oxidase is investigated in more detail. A low apparent Michaelis constant of 3.0mM is determined indicating a rapid diffusion of glucose into the PVA-SbQ membrane as well as an oxygen-limited maximum catalytic rate. The entrapped glucose oxidase preserves its native properties since it is not chemically modified. Furthermore, the active PVA-SbQ membrane can be dehydrated in a vacuum and later rehydrated in buffer solution without significant loss of enzyme activity. An integrated enzyme-based glucose sensor fabricated on a wafer-level using in-device immobilization is described to demonstrate the potential of this novel technique. The sensor is part of a disposable microneedle-based continuous glucose monitor. The stability of glucose oxidase entrapped in PVA-SbQ is sufficient to continuously operate the sensor at 25°C for 24h.
Keywords
- BioMEMS, Enzyme immobilization, Glucose oxidase, Glucose sensor, In-device immobilization, Protein patterning
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Instrumentation
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Materials Science(all)
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Materials Science(all)
- Metals and Alloys
- Engineering(all)
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Materials Science(all)
- Materials Chemistry
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In: Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, Vol. 99, No. 1, 05.08.2004, p. 163-173.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - In-device enzyme immobilization
T2 - Wafer-level fabrication of an integrated glucose sensor
AU - Zimmermann, Stefan
AU - Fienbork, Doerte
AU - Flounders, Albert W.
AU - Liepmann, Dorian
N1 - Funding information: The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the DARPA BioFlips program have funded this research project.
PY - 2004/8/5
Y1 - 2004/8/5
N2 - Wafer-level fabrication of integrated enzyme-based BioMEMS usually requires high temperature wafer-bonding techniques such as anodic bonding. Enzymes denature at comparatively low temperatures. Thus, enzymes need to be immobilized after wafer bonding. A convenient in-device immobilization method is presented allowing wafer-level patterning of enzymes inside micro-scale flow channels after wafer bonding. Enzymes are entrapped in a poly(vinyl alcohol)- styrylpyridinium (PVA-SbQ) membrane crosslinked by UV exposure through a transparent top wafer. The reaction kinetics of immobilized glucose oxidase is investigated in more detail. A low apparent Michaelis constant of 3.0mM is determined indicating a rapid diffusion of glucose into the PVA-SbQ membrane as well as an oxygen-limited maximum catalytic rate. The entrapped glucose oxidase preserves its native properties since it is not chemically modified. Furthermore, the active PVA-SbQ membrane can be dehydrated in a vacuum and later rehydrated in buffer solution without significant loss of enzyme activity. An integrated enzyme-based glucose sensor fabricated on a wafer-level using in-device immobilization is described to demonstrate the potential of this novel technique. The sensor is part of a disposable microneedle-based continuous glucose monitor. The stability of glucose oxidase entrapped in PVA-SbQ is sufficient to continuously operate the sensor at 25°C for 24h.
AB - Wafer-level fabrication of integrated enzyme-based BioMEMS usually requires high temperature wafer-bonding techniques such as anodic bonding. Enzymes denature at comparatively low temperatures. Thus, enzymes need to be immobilized after wafer bonding. A convenient in-device immobilization method is presented allowing wafer-level patterning of enzymes inside micro-scale flow channels after wafer bonding. Enzymes are entrapped in a poly(vinyl alcohol)- styrylpyridinium (PVA-SbQ) membrane crosslinked by UV exposure through a transparent top wafer. The reaction kinetics of immobilized glucose oxidase is investigated in more detail. A low apparent Michaelis constant of 3.0mM is determined indicating a rapid diffusion of glucose into the PVA-SbQ membrane as well as an oxygen-limited maximum catalytic rate. The entrapped glucose oxidase preserves its native properties since it is not chemically modified. Furthermore, the active PVA-SbQ membrane can be dehydrated in a vacuum and later rehydrated in buffer solution without significant loss of enzyme activity. An integrated enzyme-based glucose sensor fabricated on a wafer-level using in-device immobilization is described to demonstrate the potential of this novel technique. The sensor is part of a disposable microneedle-based continuous glucose monitor. The stability of glucose oxidase entrapped in PVA-SbQ is sufficient to continuously operate the sensor at 25°C for 24h.
KW - BioMEMS
KW - Enzyme immobilization
KW - Glucose oxidase
KW - Glucose sensor
KW - In-device immobilization
KW - Protein patterning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=2342470000&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00552-5
DO - 10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00552-5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:2342470000
VL - 99
SP - 163
EP - 173
JO - Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical
JF - Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical
SN - 0925-4005
IS - 1
ER -