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In vitro cultures and regeneration of Bienertia sinuspersici (Chenopodiaceae) under increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and carbon dioxide

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Authors

  • Josh Rosnow
  • Sascha Offermann
  • Joonho Park
  • Thomas W Okita

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External Research Organisations

  • Washington State University Spokane
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Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1541-53
Number of pages13
JournalPlant cell reports
Volume30
Issue number8
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2011

Abstract

To study the developmental transition of chloroplasts from C(3) to C(4) photosynthesis in the terrestrial single-cell C(4) species Bienertia sinuspersici, a regeneration protocol was developed. Stem explant material developed callus either with or without red nodular structures (RNS) when cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) salts and vitamins, supplemented with 5 mM phosphate, plus 1 mg L(-1) dichloropenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D), and 87 mM sucrose (Stage 1 media). Only calli having RNS were able to regenerate plantlets. MS media plus phosphate was used throughout regeneration, with the Stage 2 media containing 2 mg L(-1) 6-benzylaminopurine, 43 mM sucrose and 1.5% soluble starch. Stage 3 media had no hormones or organic sources of carbon, and cultures were grown under ambient (~400 ppm) versus CO(2) enrichment (1.2% CO(2)). When calli without RNS were cultured under Stage 3 conditions with 1.2% CO(2), there was an increase in growth, protein content, and photosystem II yield, while structural and biochemical analyses indicated the cells in the calli had C(3) type photosynthesis. CO(2) enrichment during growth of RNS during Stage 3 had a large effect on regeneration success, increasing efficiency of shoot and root development, size of plantlets, leaf soluble protein, and chlorophyll concentration. Anatomical analysis of plantlets, which developed under 1.2% CO(2), showed leaves developed C(4) type chlorenchyma cells, including expression of key C(4) biochemical enzymes. Increasing salinity in the media, from 0 to 200 mM NaCl, increased tissue osmolality, average plantlet area and regeneration success, but did not affect protein or chlorophyll content.

Keywords

    Carbon Dioxide/metabolism, Chenopodiaceae/growth & development, Chlorophyll/analysis, Culture Media/chemistry, Plant Proteins/analysis, Plant Roots/growth & development, Plant Shoots/growth & development, Regeneration, Sodium Chloride/metabolism, Tissue Culture Techniques

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In vitro cultures and regeneration of Bienertia sinuspersici (Chenopodiaceae) under increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and carbon dioxide. / Rosnow, Josh; Offermann, Sascha; Park, Joonho et al.
In: Plant cell reports, Vol. 30, No. 8, 08.2011, p. 1541-53.

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title = "In vitro cultures and regeneration of Bienertia sinuspersici (Chenopodiaceae) under increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and carbon dioxide",
abstract = "To study the developmental transition of chloroplasts from C(3) to C(4) photosynthesis in the terrestrial single-cell C(4) species Bienertia sinuspersici, a regeneration protocol was developed. Stem explant material developed callus either with or without red nodular structures (RNS) when cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) salts and vitamins, supplemented with 5 mM phosphate, plus 1 mg L(-1) dichloropenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D), and 87 mM sucrose (Stage 1 media). Only calli having RNS were able to regenerate plantlets. MS media plus phosphate was used throughout regeneration, with the Stage 2 media containing 2 mg L(-1) 6-benzylaminopurine, 43 mM sucrose and 1.5% soluble starch. Stage 3 media had no hormones or organic sources of carbon, and cultures were grown under ambient (~400 ppm) versus CO(2) enrichment (1.2% CO(2)). When calli without RNS were cultured under Stage 3 conditions with 1.2% CO(2), there was an increase in growth, protein content, and photosystem II yield, while structural and biochemical analyses indicated the cells in the calli had C(3) type photosynthesis. CO(2) enrichment during growth of RNS during Stage 3 had a large effect on regeneration success, increasing efficiency of shoot and root development, size of plantlets, leaf soluble protein, and chlorophyll concentration. Anatomical analysis of plantlets, which developed under 1.2% CO(2), showed leaves developed C(4) type chlorenchyma cells, including expression of key C(4) biochemical enzymes. Increasing salinity in the media, from 0 to 200 mM NaCl, increased tissue osmolality, average plantlet area and regeneration success, but did not affect protein or chlorophyll content.",
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author = "Josh Rosnow and Sascha Offermann and Joonho Park and Okita, {Thomas W} and Nathan Tarlyn and Amit Dhingra and Edwards, {Gerald E}",
note = "Funding information: Acknowledgments This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IBN-0641232. Seeds of Bienertia sinuspersici were kindly provided by Dr. Abdulrahman Alsirhan, Kuwait. We thank the WSU Plant Transformation Center, the Franceschi Microscopy and Imaging Center of Washington State University for use of facilities and for staff assistance, C. Cody for plant growth management, and N. Koteyeva for assistance with graphics.",
year = "2011",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1007/s00299-011-1067-1",
language = "English",
volume = "30",
pages = "1541--53",
journal = "Plant cell reports",
issn = "0721-085X",
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Download

TY - JOUR

T1 - In vitro cultures and regeneration of Bienertia sinuspersici (Chenopodiaceae) under increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and carbon dioxide

AU - Rosnow, Josh

AU - Offermann, Sascha

AU - Park, Joonho

AU - Okita, Thomas W

AU - Tarlyn, Nathan

AU - Dhingra, Amit

AU - Edwards, Gerald E

N1 - Funding information: Acknowledgments This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IBN-0641232. Seeds of Bienertia sinuspersici were kindly provided by Dr. Abdulrahman Alsirhan, Kuwait. We thank the WSU Plant Transformation Center, the Franceschi Microscopy and Imaging Center of Washington State University for use of facilities and for staff assistance, C. Cody for plant growth management, and N. Koteyeva for assistance with graphics.

PY - 2011/8

Y1 - 2011/8

N2 - To study the developmental transition of chloroplasts from C(3) to C(4) photosynthesis in the terrestrial single-cell C(4) species Bienertia sinuspersici, a regeneration protocol was developed. Stem explant material developed callus either with or without red nodular structures (RNS) when cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) salts and vitamins, supplemented with 5 mM phosphate, plus 1 mg L(-1) dichloropenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D), and 87 mM sucrose (Stage 1 media). Only calli having RNS were able to regenerate plantlets. MS media plus phosphate was used throughout regeneration, with the Stage 2 media containing 2 mg L(-1) 6-benzylaminopurine, 43 mM sucrose and 1.5% soluble starch. Stage 3 media had no hormones or organic sources of carbon, and cultures were grown under ambient (~400 ppm) versus CO(2) enrichment (1.2% CO(2)). When calli without RNS were cultured under Stage 3 conditions with 1.2% CO(2), there was an increase in growth, protein content, and photosystem II yield, while structural and biochemical analyses indicated the cells in the calli had C(3) type photosynthesis. CO(2) enrichment during growth of RNS during Stage 3 had a large effect on regeneration success, increasing efficiency of shoot and root development, size of plantlets, leaf soluble protein, and chlorophyll concentration. Anatomical analysis of plantlets, which developed under 1.2% CO(2), showed leaves developed C(4) type chlorenchyma cells, including expression of key C(4) biochemical enzymes. Increasing salinity in the media, from 0 to 200 mM NaCl, increased tissue osmolality, average plantlet area and regeneration success, but did not affect protein or chlorophyll content.

AB - To study the developmental transition of chloroplasts from C(3) to C(4) photosynthesis in the terrestrial single-cell C(4) species Bienertia sinuspersici, a regeneration protocol was developed. Stem explant material developed callus either with or without red nodular structures (RNS) when cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) salts and vitamins, supplemented with 5 mM phosphate, plus 1 mg L(-1) dichloropenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D), and 87 mM sucrose (Stage 1 media). Only calli having RNS were able to regenerate plantlets. MS media plus phosphate was used throughout regeneration, with the Stage 2 media containing 2 mg L(-1) 6-benzylaminopurine, 43 mM sucrose and 1.5% soluble starch. Stage 3 media had no hormones or organic sources of carbon, and cultures were grown under ambient (~400 ppm) versus CO(2) enrichment (1.2% CO(2)). When calli without RNS were cultured under Stage 3 conditions with 1.2% CO(2), there was an increase in growth, protein content, and photosystem II yield, while structural and biochemical analyses indicated the cells in the calli had C(3) type photosynthesis. CO(2) enrichment during growth of RNS during Stage 3 had a large effect on regeneration success, increasing efficiency of shoot and root development, size of plantlets, leaf soluble protein, and chlorophyll concentration. Anatomical analysis of plantlets, which developed under 1.2% CO(2), showed leaves developed C(4) type chlorenchyma cells, including expression of key C(4) biochemical enzymes. Increasing salinity in the media, from 0 to 200 mM NaCl, increased tissue osmolality, average plantlet area and regeneration success, but did not affect protein or chlorophyll content.

KW - Carbon Dioxide/metabolism

KW - Chenopodiaceae/growth & development

KW - Chlorophyll/analysis

KW - Culture Media/chemistry

KW - Plant Proteins/analysis

KW - Plant Roots/growth & development

KW - Plant Shoots/growth & development

KW - Regeneration

KW - Sodium Chloride/metabolism

KW - Tissue Culture Techniques

U2 - 10.1007/s00299-011-1067-1

DO - 10.1007/s00299-011-1067-1

M3 - Article

C2 - 21476090

VL - 30

SP - 1541

EP - 1553

JO - Plant cell reports

JF - Plant cell reports

SN - 0721-085X

IS - 8

ER -

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