Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 2100076 |
| Journal | Steel research international |
| Volume | 92 |
| Issue number | 12 |
| Early online date | 7 May 2021 |
| Publication status | Published - 2 Dec 2021 |
Abstract
Deep cryogenic treatment of tool steels, incorporated in conventional hardening and tempering, has been a topic of intensive research in recent years. Yet, the governing microstructural mechanisms involved in the deep cryogenic treatment of high-alloyed tool steels are still controversial. Thus, an in situ X-ray diffraction study is conducted on three tool steels X38CrMoV5-3, X153CrMoV12, and ~X190CrVMo20-4 to shed light on microstructural evolution during cryogenic treatment and subsequent tempering. For these high-alloyed tool steels, the transformation of retained austenite into martensite is detected during the cooling phase of the cryogenic treatment. A change in tetragonality of martensite occurs mainly in the heating phase of the subsequent tempering process, which indicates the diffusion of carbon and carbide precipitation from the martensite. The microstructure evolution of the tool steels after hardening, cryogenic treatment, and tempering is further examined by scanning electron microscopy.
Keywords
- deep cryogenic treatment, microstructure, phase transformation, tool steels, X-ray diffraction
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Chemistry(all)
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Materials Science(all)
- Metals and Alloys
- Materials Science(all)
- Materials Chemistry
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In: Steel research international, Vol. 92, No. 12, 2100076, 02.12.2021.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - In Situ X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Microstructure Evolution during Deep Cryogenic Treatment and Tempering of Tool Steels
AU - Cui, Chengsong
AU - Dong, Juan
AU - Epp, Jérémy
AU - Schulz, Alwin
AU - Steinbacher, Matthias
AU - Acar, Serdal
AU - Herbst, Sebastian
AU - Maier, Hans Jürgen
N1 - Funding Information: This study was conducted as part of the IGF project 19289 N ?Increase of technological properties by cryogenic treatment of tool steels (nanocarbides)? of the FOSTA?Forschungsvereinigung Stahlanwendung e.V., D?sseldorf in cooperation with the AWT?Arbeitsgemeinschaft W?rmebehandlung und Werkstofftechnik e.V., and was sponsored by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen ?Otto-von-Guericke? e.V. (AiF) within the Programme of Industrial Collective Research (IGF) funded by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy on the basis of a resolution of the German parliament. Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
PY - 2021/12/2
Y1 - 2021/12/2
N2 - Deep cryogenic treatment of tool steels, incorporated in conventional hardening and tempering, has been a topic of intensive research in recent years. Yet, the governing microstructural mechanisms involved in the deep cryogenic treatment of high-alloyed tool steels are still controversial. Thus, an in situ X-ray diffraction study is conducted on three tool steels X38CrMoV5-3, X153CrMoV12, and ~X190CrVMo20-4 to shed light on microstructural evolution during cryogenic treatment and subsequent tempering. For these high-alloyed tool steels, the transformation of retained austenite into martensite is detected during the cooling phase of the cryogenic treatment. A change in tetragonality of martensite occurs mainly in the heating phase of the subsequent tempering process, which indicates the diffusion of carbon and carbide precipitation from the martensite. The microstructure evolution of the tool steels after hardening, cryogenic treatment, and tempering is further examined by scanning electron microscopy.
AB - Deep cryogenic treatment of tool steels, incorporated in conventional hardening and tempering, has been a topic of intensive research in recent years. Yet, the governing microstructural mechanisms involved in the deep cryogenic treatment of high-alloyed tool steels are still controversial. Thus, an in situ X-ray diffraction study is conducted on three tool steels X38CrMoV5-3, X153CrMoV12, and ~X190CrVMo20-4 to shed light on microstructural evolution during cryogenic treatment and subsequent tempering. For these high-alloyed tool steels, the transformation of retained austenite into martensite is detected during the cooling phase of the cryogenic treatment. A change in tetragonality of martensite occurs mainly in the heating phase of the subsequent tempering process, which indicates the diffusion of carbon and carbide precipitation from the martensite. The microstructure evolution of the tool steels after hardening, cryogenic treatment, and tempering is further examined by scanning electron microscopy.
KW - deep cryogenic treatment
KW - microstructure
KW - phase transformation
KW - tool steels
KW - X-ray diffraction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105229311&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/srin.202100076
DO - 10.1002/srin.202100076
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85105229311
VL - 92
JO - Steel research international
JF - Steel research international
SN - 1611-3683
IS - 12
M1 - 2100076
ER -