Impacts of human activity and global changes on future morphodynamics within the tien river, vietnamese mekong delta

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Authors

  • C. Jordan
  • J. Visscher
  • N.V. Dung
  • H. Apel
  • T. Schlurmann

External Research Organisations

  • Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ)
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number2204
JournalWater (Switzerland)
Volume12
Issue number8
Publication statusPublished - 5 Aug 2020

Abstract

The hydro-and morphodynamic processes within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta are heavily impacted by human activity, which in turn affects the livelihood of millions of people. The main drivers that could impact future developments within the delta are local stressors like hydropower development and sand mining, but also global challenges like climate change and relative sea level rise. Within this study, a hydro-morphodynamic model was developed, which focused on a stretch of the Tien River and was nested into a well-calibrated model of the delta's hydrodynamics. Multiple scenarios were developed in order to assess the projected impacts of the different drivers on the river's morphodynamics. Simulations were carried out for a baseline scenario (2000-2010) and for a set of plausible scenarios for a future period (2050-2060). The results for the baseline scenario indicate that the Tien River is already subject to substantial erosion under present-day conditions. For the future period, hydropower development has the highest impact on the local erosion and deposition budget, thus amplifying erosional processes, followed by an increase in sand mining activity and climate change-related variations in discharge. The results also indicate that relative sea level rise only has a minimal impact on the local morphodynamics of this river stretch, while erosional tendencies are slowed by a complete prohibition of sand mining activity. In the future, an unfavourable combination of drivers could increase the local imbalance between erosion and deposition by up to 89%, while the bed level could be incised by an additional 146%.

Keywords

    Climate change, Dam impacts, Mekong, Numerical modelling, River morphology, Sand mining, Sea level rise

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Sustainable Development Goals

Cite this

Impacts of human activity and global changes on future morphodynamics within the tien river, vietnamese mekong delta. / Jordan, C.; Visscher, J.; Dung, N.V. et al.
In: Water (Switzerland), Vol. 12, No. 8, 2204, 05.08.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleResearchpeer review

Jordan C, Visscher J, Dung NV, Apel H, Schlurmann T. Impacts of human activity and global changes on future morphodynamics within the tien river, vietnamese mekong delta. Water (Switzerland). 2020 Aug 5;12(8):2204. doi: 10.3390/w12082204
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abstract = "The hydro-and morphodynamic processes within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta are heavily impacted by human activity, which in turn affects the livelihood of millions of people. The main drivers that could impact future developments within the delta are local stressors like hydropower development and sand mining, but also global challenges like climate change and relative sea level rise. Within this study, a hydro-morphodynamic model was developed, which focused on a stretch of the Tien River and was nested into a well-calibrated model of the delta's hydrodynamics. Multiple scenarios were developed in order to assess the projected impacts of the different drivers on the river's morphodynamics. Simulations were carried out for a baseline scenario (2000-2010) and for a set of plausible scenarios for a future period (2050-2060). The results for the baseline scenario indicate that the Tien River is already subject to substantial erosion under present-day conditions. For the future period, hydropower development has the highest impact on the local erosion and deposition budget, thus amplifying erosional processes, followed by an increase in sand mining activity and climate change-related variations in discharge. The results also indicate that relative sea level rise only has a minimal impact on the local morphodynamics of this river stretch, while erosional tendencies are slowed by a complete prohibition of sand mining activity. In the future, an unfavourable combination of drivers could increase the local imbalance between erosion and deposition by up to 89%, while the bed level could be incised by an additional 146%.",
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AU - Jordan, C.

AU - Visscher, J.

AU - Dung, N.V.

AU - Apel, H.

AU - Schlurmann, T.

N1 - Funding details: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, LUH Funding details: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF, 02WM1338D Within the framework of the research project Catch-Mekong (https://catchmekong.eoc.dlr.de), this research was funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under grant number 02WM1338D. The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Fund of the Leibniz Universität Hannover.

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N2 - The hydro-and morphodynamic processes within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta are heavily impacted by human activity, which in turn affects the livelihood of millions of people. The main drivers that could impact future developments within the delta are local stressors like hydropower development and sand mining, but also global challenges like climate change and relative sea level rise. Within this study, a hydro-morphodynamic model was developed, which focused on a stretch of the Tien River and was nested into a well-calibrated model of the delta's hydrodynamics. Multiple scenarios were developed in order to assess the projected impacts of the different drivers on the river's morphodynamics. Simulations were carried out for a baseline scenario (2000-2010) and for a set of plausible scenarios for a future period (2050-2060). The results for the baseline scenario indicate that the Tien River is already subject to substantial erosion under present-day conditions. For the future period, hydropower development has the highest impact on the local erosion and deposition budget, thus amplifying erosional processes, followed by an increase in sand mining activity and climate change-related variations in discharge. The results also indicate that relative sea level rise only has a minimal impact on the local morphodynamics of this river stretch, while erosional tendencies are slowed by a complete prohibition of sand mining activity. In the future, an unfavourable combination of drivers could increase the local imbalance between erosion and deposition by up to 89%, while the bed level could be incised by an additional 146%.

AB - The hydro-and morphodynamic processes within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta are heavily impacted by human activity, which in turn affects the livelihood of millions of people. The main drivers that could impact future developments within the delta are local stressors like hydropower development and sand mining, but also global challenges like climate change and relative sea level rise. Within this study, a hydro-morphodynamic model was developed, which focused on a stretch of the Tien River and was nested into a well-calibrated model of the delta's hydrodynamics. Multiple scenarios were developed in order to assess the projected impacts of the different drivers on the river's morphodynamics. Simulations were carried out for a baseline scenario (2000-2010) and for a set of plausible scenarios for a future period (2050-2060). The results for the baseline scenario indicate that the Tien River is already subject to substantial erosion under present-day conditions. For the future period, hydropower development has the highest impact on the local erosion and deposition budget, thus amplifying erosional processes, followed by an increase in sand mining activity and climate change-related variations in discharge. The results also indicate that relative sea level rise only has a minimal impact on the local morphodynamics of this river stretch, while erosional tendencies are slowed by a complete prohibition of sand mining activity. In the future, an unfavourable combination of drivers could increase the local imbalance between erosion and deposition by up to 89%, while the bed level could be incised by an additional 146%.

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KW - Morphodynamic process

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KW - Sand mining activities

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KW - morphodynamics

KW - river water

KW - Mekong Delta

KW - Viet Nam

KW - Climate change

KW - Dam impacts

KW - Mekong

KW - Numerical modelling

KW - River morphology

KW - Sand mining

KW - Sea level rise

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