Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 203-217 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Public health genomics |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| Early online date | 23 Jun 2017 |
| Publication status | Published - Nov 2017 |
Abstract
Background: The global genetic direct-to-consumer (DTC) market will reach a volume of USD 230 billion in 2018. The expenditures for this genetic analysis are borne by the customer, whereas consequential costs may arise for a solidarily financed system. In a first step, it is essential to gain an overview of the currently available offer in the German setting. Methods: In April 2016, we conducted a systematic internet search in the Google search engine. In November 2016, we updated the information of the webpages in terms of country, language, types of health-related tests, additional offer of non-health-related DTC test, information about sensitivity and specificity, certification and accreditation, costs as well as reference to German Act on Genetic Testing. Results: Thirty-five webpages were included in the final overview. A plurality of different predictive analysis options was identified. Price information was not available for all offered genetic analyses. Costs for predictive analysis in one disease vary between EUR 90 and 990, for predictive package analysis between EUR 232.18 and 375, and for genetic lifestyle analysis between EUR 84.55 and 570.20. Conclusions: Genetic results may lead to uncertainty and anxiety; therefore, subsequent costs for a solidarily financed system may arise. Genetic DTC tests may have an influence on different players on the micro-, meso- and macro-levels, which may have a cost-cutting or cost-increasing effect on health-care expenditures. The increased interest in genetic analysis as well as the possibility of worldwide internet-based access to genetic tests requires population-wide education.
Keywords
- Direct-to-consumer genetic testing, Germany, Health-care system, Health-related offer
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
- Medicine(all)
- Genetics(clinical)
Sustainable Development Goals
Cite this
- Standard
- Harvard
- Apa
- Vancouver
- BibTeX
- RIS
In: Public health genomics, Vol. 20, No. 4, 11.2017, p. 203-217.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Health-Related Genetic Direct-to-Consumer Tests in the German Setting
T2 - The Available Offer and the Potential Implications for a Solidarily Financed Health-Care System
AU - Plöthner, Marika
AU - Klora, Mike
AU - Rudolph, Daniel
AU - Graf Von Der Schulenburg, Johann Matthias
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/11
Y1 - 2017/11
N2 - Background: The global genetic direct-to-consumer (DTC) market will reach a volume of USD 230 billion in 2018. The expenditures for this genetic analysis are borne by the customer, whereas consequential costs may arise for a solidarily financed system. In a first step, it is essential to gain an overview of the currently available offer in the German setting. Methods: In April 2016, we conducted a systematic internet search in the Google search engine. In November 2016, we updated the information of the webpages in terms of country, language, types of health-related tests, additional offer of non-health-related DTC test, information about sensitivity and specificity, certification and accreditation, costs as well as reference to German Act on Genetic Testing. Results: Thirty-five webpages were included in the final overview. A plurality of different predictive analysis options was identified. Price information was not available for all offered genetic analyses. Costs for predictive analysis in one disease vary between EUR 90 and 990, for predictive package analysis between EUR 232.18 and 375, and for genetic lifestyle analysis between EUR 84.55 and 570.20. Conclusions: Genetic results may lead to uncertainty and anxiety; therefore, subsequent costs for a solidarily financed system may arise. Genetic DTC tests may have an influence on different players on the micro-, meso- and macro-levels, which may have a cost-cutting or cost-increasing effect on health-care expenditures. The increased interest in genetic analysis as well as the possibility of worldwide internet-based access to genetic tests requires population-wide education.
AB - Background: The global genetic direct-to-consumer (DTC) market will reach a volume of USD 230 billion in 2018. The expenditures for this genetic analysis are borne by the customer, whereas consequential costs may arise for a solidarily financed system. In a first step, it is essential to gain an overview of the currently available offer in the German setting. Methods: In April 2016, we conducted a systematic internet search in the Google search engine. In November 2016, we updated the information of the webpages in terms of country, language, types of health-related tests, additional offer of non-health-related DTC test, information about sensitivity and specificity, certification and accreditation, costs as well as reference to German Act on Genetic Testing. Results: Thirty-five webpages were included in the final overview. A plurality of different predictive analysis options was identified. Price information was not available for all offered genetic analyses. Costs for predictive analysis in one disease vary between EUR 90 and 990, for predictive package analysis between EUR 232.18 and 375, and for genetic lifestyle analysis between EUR 84.55 and 570.20. Conclusions: Genetic results may lead to uncertainty and anxiety; therefore, subsequent costs for a solidarily financed system may arise. Genetic DTC tests may have an influence on different players on the micro-, meso- and macro-levels, which may have a cost-cutting or cost-increasing effect on health-care expenditures. The increased interest in genetic analysis as well as the possibility of worldwide internet-based access to genetic tests requires population-wide education.
KW - Direct-to-consumer genetic testing
KW - Germany
KW - Health-care system
KW - Health-related offer
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85021105897&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1159/000477559
DO - 10.1159/000477559
M3 - Article
C2 - 28641282
AN - SCOPUS:85021105897
VL - 20
SP - 203
EP - 217
JO - Public health genomics
JF - Public health genomics
SN - 1662-4246
IS - 4
ER -