Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1038-1045 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science |
| Volume | 34 |
| Issue number | 3 PART 3 |
| Publication status | Published - 2006 |
Abstract
In order to determine the pressure rise due to arc faults in electrical installations, the portion of energy heating the surrounding gas of fault arcs has to be known. The ratio of the portion of energy to the electric energy, the thermal transfer coefficient, well known in literature as kp factor, is adopted here. This paper presents a theoretical approach for the determination of the pressure rise in electrical installations. It is based on the fundamental hydro- and thermodynamic conservation equations and the equation of gas state taking into account melting and evaporation of metals as well as chemical reactions with the surrounding gas. With respect to the dependence of the arc energy on gas density, the radiative effect of fault arcs on the energy balance is introduced. In consideration of the radiation, the more reasonable arc energy is applied for the estimation of the gas temperature and of the thermal transfer coefficient in the energy balance. In order to identify conveniently which factors essentially influence the development of pressure, the thermal transfer coefficient is studied and evaluated as an alternative variable of the gas pressure. The results for a test container show that factors such as the kind of insulating gases and of electrode materials, the size of test vessels, and the gas density considerably influence the thermal transfer coefficient and thus the pressure rise.
Keywords
- Chemical reaction, Fault arc, Gas density, Gas temperature, Melting and evaporation, Pressure, Relative purity, Thermal transfer coefficient
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Nuclear and High Energy Physics
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
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In: IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 34, No. 3 PART 3, 2006, p. 1038-1045.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Fundamental investigation on the thermal transfer coefficient due to arc faults
AU - Zhang, X.
AU - Pietsch, Gerhard
AU - Zhang, Jiaosuo
AU - Gockenbach, Ernst
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - In order to determine the pressure rise due to arc faults in electrical installations, the portion of energy heating the surrounding gas of fault arcs has to be known. The ratio of the portion of energy to the electric energy, the thermal transfer coefficient, well known in literature as kp factor, is adopted here. This paper presents a theoretical approach for the determination of the pressure rise in electrical installations. It is based on the fundamental hydro- and thermodynamic conservation equations and the equation of gas state taking into account melting and evaporation of metals as well as chemical reactions with the surrounding gas. With respect to the dependence of the arc energy on gas density, the radiative effect of fault arcs on the energy balance is introduced. In consideration of the radiation, the more reasonable arc energy is applied for the estimation of the gas temperature and of the thermal transfer coefficient in the energy balance. In order to identify conveniently which factors essentially influence the development of pressure, the thermal transfer coefficient is studied and evaluated as an alternative variable of the gas pressure. The results for a test container show that factors such as the kind of insulating gases and of electrode materials, the size of test vessels, and the gas density considerably influence the thermal transfer coefficient and thus the pressure rise.
AB - In order to determine the pressure rise due to arc faults in electrical installations, the portion of energy heating the surrounding gas of fault arcs has to be known. The ratio of the portion of energy to the electric energy, the thermal transfer coefficient, well known in literature as kp factor, is adopted here. This paper presents a theoretical approach for the determination of the pressure rise in electrical installations. It is based on the fundamental hydro- and thermodynamic conservation equations and the equation of gas state taking into account melting and evaporation of metals as well as chemical reactions with the surrounding gas. With respect to the dependence of the arc energy on gas density, the radiative effect of fault arcs on the energy balance is introduced. In consideration of the radiation, the more reasonable arc energy is applied for the estimation of the gas temperature and of the thermal transfer coefficient in the energy balance. In order to identify conveniently which factors essentially influence the development of pressure, the thermal transfer coefficient is studied and evaluated as an alternative variable of the gas pressure. The results for a test container show that factors such as the kind of insulating gases and of electrode materials, the size of test vessels, and the gas density considerably influence the thermal transfer coefficient and thus the pressure rise.
KW - Chemical reaction
KW - Fault arc
KW - Gas density
KW - Gas temperature
KW - Melting and evaporation
KW - Pressure
KW - Relative purity
KW - Thermal transfer coefficient
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=64749115379&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TPS.2006.874846
DO - 10.1109/TPS.2006.874846
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:64749115379
VL - 34
SP - 1038
EP - 1045
JO - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
JF - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
SN - 0093-3813
IS - 3 PART 3
ER -