Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 725-731 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Energy Procedia |
| Volume | 38 |
| Early online date | 5 Sept 2013 |
| Publication status | Published - 2013 |
| Event | 3rd International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics, SiliconPV 2013 - Hamelin, Germany Duration: 25 Mar 2013 → 27 Mar 2013 |
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate and compare three different fine line printing techniques for the silver front side metallization of industrial-type silicon solar cells: single print, dual print and print-on-print. We produce solar cells using the same screen or stencil aperture of 40 μm and about 92 fingers and obtain finger widths below 60 μm for all three approaches. The print-on-print process achieves the highest finger heights of 20 μm after firing but with quite strong finger height variation. In contrast, the dual printed fingers have a very flat surface with a finger height of 14.5 μm which leads to the highest cross-section area of 530 μm2 of the three techniques. The single print shows the lowest cross-section area of 390 μm2 due to the lowest average finger height. The measured finger line resistance correlates with the finger cross-section area. The dual print allows us to use a non-firing through bus bar paste which increases the V oc by 2 mV and hence achieves the highest efficiency of 19.1% using full-area Al-BSF cells. Due to an optimized bus bar screen print in combination with only 30 μm finger aperture, the dual print has the lowest Ag paste consumption of only 75 mg/wafer, one of the lowest Ag paste consumption that has been reported so far. A first batch of PERC solar cells with dual-printed Ag front contacts shows efficiencies up to 19.6%.
Keywords
- Dual print, Fine line printing, Paste consumption, Print-on-print, Screen-printing
ASJC Scopus subject areas
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In: Energy Procedia, Vol. 38, 2013, p. 725-731.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Fineline Printing Options for High Efficiencies and Low Ag Paste Consumption
AU - Hannebauer, Helge
AU - Dullweber, Thorsten
AU - Falcon, Tom
AU - Brendel, Rolf
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - In this paper, we investigate and compare three different fine line printing techniques for the silver front side metallization of industrial-type silicon solar cells: single print, dual print and print-on-print. We produce solar cells using the same screen or stencil aperture of 40 μm and about 92 fingers and obtain finger widths below 60 μm for all three approaches. The print-on-print process achieves the highest finger heights of 20 μm after firing but with quite strong finger height variation. In contrast, the dual printed fingers have a very flat surface with a finger height of 14.5 μm which leads to the highest cross-section area of 530 μm2 of the three techniques. The single print shows the lowest cross-section area of 390 μm2 due to the lowest average finger height. The measured finger line resistance correlates with the finger cross-section area. The dual print allows us to use a non-firing through bus bar paste which increases the V oc by 2 mV and hence achieves the highest efficiency of 19.1% using full-area Al-BSF cells. Due to an optimized bus bar screen print in combination with only 30 μm finger aperture, the dual print has the lowest Ag paste consumption of only 75 mg/wafer, one of the lowest Ag paste consumption that has been reported so far. A first batch of PERC solar cells with dual-printed Ag front contacts shows efficiencies up to 19.6%.
AB - In this paper, we investigate and compare three different fine line printing techniques for the silver front side metallization of industrial-type silicon solar cells: single print, dual print and print-on-print. We produce solar cells using the same screen or stencil aperture of 40 μm and about 92 fingers and obtain finger widths below 60 μm for all three approaches. The print-on-print process achieves the highest finger heights of 20 μm after firing but with quite strong finger height variation. In contrast, the dual printed fingers have a very flat surface with a finger height of 14.5 μm which leads to the highest cross-section area of 530 μm2 of the three techniques. The single print shows the lowest cross-section area of 390 μm2 due to the lowest average finger height. The measured finger line resistance correlates with the finger cross-section area. The dual print allows us to use a non-firing through bus bar paste which increases the V oc by 2 mV and hence achieves the highest efficiency of 19.1% using full-area Al-BSF cells. Due to an optimized bus bar screen print in combination with only 30 μm finger aperture, the dual print has the lowest Ag paste consumption of only 75 mg/wafer, one of the lowest Ag paste consumption that has been reported so far. A first batch of PERC solar cells with dual-printed Ag front contacts shows efficiencies up to 19.6%.
KW - Dual print
KW - Fine line printing
KW - Paste consumption
KW - Print-on-print
KW - Screen-printing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84898767605&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.339
DO - 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.339
M3 - Conference article
AN - SCOPUS:84898767605
VL - 38
SP - 725
EP - 731
JO - Energy Procedia
JF - Energy Procedia
SN - 1876-6102
T2 - 3rd International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics, SiliconPV 2013
Y2 - 25 March 2013 through 27 March 2013
ER -