Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 1139 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | Electronics (Switzerland) |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| Publication status | Published - 4 Apr 2022 |
Abstract
Split-ring resonators (SRR) are simple electrical circuits that show a significant shift in resonance frequency even with the smallest changes in split capacitance, and thus in permittivity, electric conductivity, and dielectric losses of the split capacitor’s dielectric. Usually, the resonance frequency is derived from the frequency response, but recording the frequency spectrum takes a certain amount of time. Here, we present a new capillary split-ring resonator CaSRR with fast readout for liquid chromatography (LC), which is capable of accurately detecting very fast changes in split capacity. The proposed method is based on the detection of the transmitted signal at a single frequency that is analyzed by demodulation. The demodulated signal changes its amplitude depending on the shift of the resonance frequency. Our simple low-cost electronics enables an average sampling rate of 42 Hz with 128 averages of the demodulated signal and has a frequency stability of 840 mHz. Thus, a minimum change in permittivity of ∆εr,min = 11.26 × 10−3 can be detected. Finally, a chromatogram of one sugar (glucose) and one sugar alcohol (xylitol) is recorded using the SRR and is compared to a standard refractive index detector.
Keywords
- demodulator, HPLC, LC, liquid chromatography, readout electronics, split-ring resonator, SRR
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- Control and Systems Engineering
- Computer Science(all)
- Signal Processing
- Computer Science(all)
- Hardware and Architecture
- Computer Science(all)
- Computer Networks and Communications
- Engineering(all)
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
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In: Electronics (Switzerland), Vol. 11, No. 7, 1139, 04.04.2022.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Fast Readout of Split-Ring Resonators Made Simple and Low-Cost for Application in HPLC
AU - Hitzemann, Moritz
AU - Dehning, Kirsten J.
AU - Gehl, Adrian V.
AU - Sterr, Erk Fietje
AU - Zimmermann, Stefan
N1 - Acknowledgments: We thank Nic Solle and Christian Beckemeier for their help during this work. We want to acknowledge Martin Lippmann and Cameron Naylor for their advice during editing.
PY - 2022/4/4
Y1 - 2022/4/4
N2 - Split-ring resonators (SRR) are simple electrical circuits that show a significant shift in resonance frequency even with the smallest changes in split capacitance, and thus in permittivity, electric conductivity, and dielectric losses of the split capacitor’s dielectric. Usually, the resonance frequency is derived from the frequency response, but recording the frequency spectrum takes a certain amount of time. Here, we present a new capillary split-ring resonator CaSRR with fast readout for liquid chromatography (LC), which is capable of accurately detecting very fast changes in split capacity. The proposed method is based on the detection of the transmitted signal at a single frequency that is analyzed by demodulation. The demodulated signal changes its amplitude depending on the shift of the resonance frequency. Our simple low-cost electronics enables an average sampling rate of 42 Hz with 128 averages of the demodulated signal and has a frequency stability of 840 mHz. Thus, a minimum change in permittivity of ∆εr,min = 11.26 × 10−3 can be detected. Finally, a chromatogram of one sugar (glucose) and one sugar alcohol (xylitol) is recorded using the SRR and is compared to a standard refractive index detector.
AB - Split-ring resonators (SRR) are simple electrical circuits that show a significant shift in resonance frequency even with the smallest changes in split capacitance, and thus in permittivity, electric conductivity, and dielectric losses of the split capacitor’s dielectric. Usually, the resonance frequency is derived from the frequency response, but recording the frequency spectrum takes a certain amount of time. Here, we present a new capillary split-ring resonator CaSRR with fast readout for liquid chromatography (LC), which is capable of accurately detecting very fast changes in split capacity. The proposed method is based on the detection of the transmitted signal at a single frequency that is analyzed by demodulation. The demodulated signal changes its amplitude depending on the shift of the resonance frequency. Our simple low-cost electronics enables an average sampling rate of 42 Hz with 128 averages of the demodulated signal and has a frequency stability of 840 mHz. Thus, a minimum change in permittivity of ∆εr,min = 11.26 × 10−3 can be detected. Finally, a chromatogram of one sugar (glucose) and one sugar alcohol (xylitol) is recorded using the SRR and is compared to a standard refractive index detector.
KW - demodulator
KW - HPLC
KW - LC
KW - liquid chromatography
KW - readout electronics
KW - split-ring resonator
KW - SRR
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85127701607&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/electronics11071139
DO - 10.3390/electronics11071139
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85127701607
VL - 11
JO - Electronics (Switzerland)
JF - Electronics (Switzerland)
SN - 2079-9292
IS - 7
M1 - 1139
ER -