Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 38326-38336 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Optics express |
| Volume | 27 |
| Issue number | 26 |
| Early online date | 18 Dec 2019 |
| Publication status | Published - 23 Dec 2019 |
Abstract
The realization of optical interconnects between multimode (MM) optical fibers and waveguides based on a self-writing process in photopolymer media represents an efficient approach for fast and easy-to-implement connection of light-guiding elements. When light propagates through photopolymer media, it modulates the material properties of the media and confines the spreading of the light beam to create a waveguide along the beam propagation direction. This self-writing process can be realized with a single photopolymer medium and is also suited to connect optical fibers or waveguides with active elements such as light sources and detectors. Numerical simulations of the underlying light-induced polymerization process is carried out by using a diffusion based material model which takes account both monomer diffusion and its conversion to polymer chains in regions exposed to light fields. In this work experimental results obtained from a one-polymer approach are validated with theoretical predictions from the diffusion model. The study involved the demonstration of temporal dynamics and transmittance from self-written waveguide (SWW) couplers during the self-writing process. The measured attenuation coefficient from experiment αexperiment = (8.43 ± 0.3) × 10−5 dB/µm showed good agreement with the theoretically predicted attenuation coefficient αsimulation = 7.93 × 10−5 dB/µm, thus demonstrating a successful application of the diffusion model to epoxy based acrylate SWWs. For comparison, attenuation measurements between optical fibers with SWWs as interconnects and one without SWW, i.e. with an air gap in between, were performed. The obtained results reveal that the theoretical approach correctly describes the waveguide formation process so that in the next step the studies can be extended towards including further relevant parameters such as temperature.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
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In: Optics express, Vol. 27, No. 26, 23.12.2019, p. 38326-38336.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Experimental and theoretical study of the formation process of photopolymer based self-written waveguides
AU - Suar, Monali
AU - Melchert, Oliver
AU - Rahlves, Maik
AU - Roth, Bernhard
N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy within the Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering Innovation Across Disciplines), (EXC 2122, projectID 390833453).
PY - 2019/12/23
Y1 - 2019/12/23
N2 - The realization of optical interconnects between multimode (MM) optical fibers and waveguides based on a self-writing process in photopolymer media represents an efficient approach for fast and easy-to-implement connection of light-guiding elements. When light propagates through photopolymer media, it modulates the material properties of the media and confines the spreading of the light beam to create a waveguide along the beam propagation direction. This self-writing process can be realized with a single photopolymer medium and is also suited to connect optical fibers or waveguides with active elements such as light sources and detectors. Numerical simulations of the underlying light-induced polymerization process is carried out by using a diffusion based material model which takes account both monomer diffusion and its conversion to polymer chains in regions exposed to light fields. In this work experimental results obtained from a one-polymer approach are validated with theoretical predictions from the diffusion model. The study involved the demonstration of temporal dynamics and transmittance from self-written waveguide (SWW) couplers during the self-writing process. The measured attenuation coefficient from experiment αexperiment = (8.43 ± 0.3) × 10−5 dB/µm showed good agreement with the theoretically predicted attenuation coefficient αsimulation = 7.93 × 10−5 dB/µm, thus demonstrating a successful application of the diffusion model to epoxy based acrylate SWWs. For comparison, attenuation measurements between optical fibers with SWWs as interconnects and one without SWW, i.e. with an air gap in between, were performed. The obtained results reveal that the theoretical approach correctly describes the waveguide formation process so that in the next step the studies can be extended towards including further relevant parameters such as temperature.
AB - The realization of optical interconnects between multimode (MM) optical fibers and waveguides based on a self-writing process in photopolymer media represents an efficient approach for fast and easy-to-implement connection of light-guiding elements. When light propagates through photopolymer media, it modulates the material properties of the media and confines the spreading of the light beam to create a waveguide along the beam propagation direction. This self-writing process can be realized with a single photopolymer medium and is also suited to connect optical fibers or waveguides with active elements such as light sources and detectors. Numerical simulations of the underlying light-induced polymerization process is carried out by using a diffusion based material model which takes account both monomer diffusion and its conversion to polymer chains in regions exposed to light fields. In this work experimental results obtained from a one-polymer approach are validated with theoretical predictions from the diffusion model. The study involved the demonstration of temporal dynamics and transmittance from self-written waveguide (SWW) couplers during the self-writing process. The measured attenuation coefficient from experiment αexperiment = (8.43 ± 0.3) × 10−5 dB/µm showed good agreement with the theoretically predicted attenuation coefficient αsimulation = 7.93 × 10−5 dB/µm, thus demonstrating a successful application of the diffusion model to epoxy based acrylate SWWs. For comparison, attenuation measurements between optical fibers with SWWs as interconnects and one without SWW, i.e. with an air gap in between, were performed. The obtained results reveal that the theoretical approach correctly describes the waveguide formation process so that in the next step the studies can be extended towards including further relevant parameters such as temperature.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85077184937&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1364/OE.27.038326
DO - 10.1364/OE.27.038326
M3 - Article
C2 - 31878601
AN - SCOPUS:85077184937
VL - 27
SP - 38326
EP - 38336
JO - Optics express
JF - Optics express
SN - 1094-4087
IS - 26
ER -