Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 041002 |
| Journal | Physical Review X |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| Publication status | Published - 3 Oct 2023 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Thermodynamically induced length fluctuations of high-reflectivity mirror coatings put a fundamental limit on sensitivity and stability of precision optical interferometers like gravitational-wave detectors and ultrastable lasers. The main contribution - Brownian thermal noise - is related to the mechanical loss of the coating material. Al0.92Ga0.08As/GaAs crystalline mirror coatings are expected to reduce this limit. The first measurements of cryogenic silicon cavities revealed the existence of additional noise contributions exceeding the expected Brownian thermal noise. We describe a novel, nonthermal, photoinduced effect in birefringence that is most likely related to the recently discovered birefringence noise. Our studies of the dynamics and power dependence are an important step toward uncovering the underlying mechanisms. Averaging the anticorrelated birefringent noise results in a residual noise that is shown to be substantially different from Brownian thermal noise. To this end, we develop a new method for analyzing the coating noise in higher-order transverse-cavity modes, which makes it possible for the first time to determine the contribution of Brownian thermal noise to the total cavity noise. The new noise contributions must be considered carefully in precision interferometry experiments using similar coatings based on semiconductor materials.
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
- General Physics and Astronomy
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In: Physical Review X, Vol. 13, No. 4, 041002, 03.10.2023.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Excess Noise and Photoinduced Effects in Highly Reflective Crystalline Mirror Coatings
AU - Yu, Jialiang
AU - Häfner, Sebastian
AU - Legero, Thomas
AU - Herbers, Sofia
AU - Nicolodi, Daniele
AU - Ma, Chun Yu
AU - Riehle, Fritz
AU - Sterr, Uwe
AU - Kedar, Dhruv
AU - Robinson, John M.
AU - Oelker, Eric
AU - Ye, Jun
N1 - Funding information: We acknowledge support by the Project 20FUN08 NEXTLASERS, which has received funding from the EMPIR programme cofinanced by the Participating States and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy–EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers, Project-IDs No. 390837967, No. SFB 1227 DQ-mat, and No. 274200144. This work is partially supported by the Max Planck-RIKEN-PTB Center for Time, Constants and Fundamental Symmetries. This work is also supported by NIST, DARPA, AFRL, and JILA Physics Frontier Center (NSF Grant No. PHY-1734006).
PY - 2023/10/3
Y1 - 2023/10/3
N2 - Thermodynamically induced length fluctuations of high-reflectivity mirror coatings put a fundamental limit on sensitivity and stability of precision optical interferometers like gravitational-wave detectors and ultrastable lasers. The main contribution - Brownian thermal noise - is related to the mechanical loss of the coating material. Al0.92Ga0.08As/GaAs crystalline mirror coatings are expected to reduce this limit. The first measurements of cryogenic silicon cavities revealed the existence of additional noise contributions exceeding the expected Brownian thermal noise. We describe a novel, nonthermal, photoinduced effect in birefringence that is most likely related to the recently discovered birefringence noise. Our studies of the dynamics and power dependence are an important step toward uncovering the underlying mechanisms. Averaging the anticorrelated birefringent noise results in a residual noise that is shown to be substantially different from Brownian thermal noise. To this end, we develop a new method for analyzing the coating noise in higher-order transverse-cavity modes, which makes it possible for the first time to determine the contribution of Brownian thermal noise to the total cavity noise. The new noise contributions must be considered carefully in precision interferometry experiments using similar coatings based on semiconductor materials.
AB - Thermodynamically induced length fluctuations of high-reflectivity mirror coatings put a fundamental limit on sensitivity and stability of precision optical interferometers like gravitational-wave detectors and ultrastable lasers. The main contribution - Brownian thermal noise - is related to the mechanical loss of the coating material. Al0.92Ga0.08As/GaAs crystalline mirror coatings are expected to reduce this limit. The first measurements of cryogenic silicon cavities revealed the existence of additional noise contributions exceeding the expected Brownian thermal noise. We describe a novel, nonthermal, photoinduced effect in birefringence that is most likely related to the recently discovered birefringence noise. Our studies of the dynamics and power dependence are an important step toward uncovering the underlying mechanisms. Averaging the anticorrelated birefringent noise results in a residual noise that is shown to be substantially different from Brownian thermal noise. To this end, we develop a new method for analyzing the coating noise in higher-order transverse-cavity modes, which makes it possible for the first time to determine the contribution of Brownian thermal noise to the total cavity noise. The new noise contributions must be considered carefully in precision interferometry experiments using similar coatings based on semiconductor materials.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85174165773&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevX.13.041002
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevX.13.041002
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85174165773
VL - 13
JO - Physical Review X
JF - Physical Review X
SN - 2160-3308
IS - 4
M1 - 041002
ER -