Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 13180 |
| Journal | Sustainability (Switzerland) |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue number | 17 |
| Publication status | Published - Sept 2023 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Given the escalating issue of climate change, environmental protection is of growing importance. A rising proportion of battery-powered scooters are becoming available. However, their range is limited, and they require a long charging time. The fuel cell–battery-powered electric scooter appears to be a promising alternative. Further development of the active hybrid is the passive hybrid, in which the fuel cell is directly coupled to the battery, eliminating the need for a DC/DC converter. The passive hybrid promises the possibility of a reduction in the installation volume and cost. A simulation model is created MATLAB/Simulink for the passive fuel cell–battery hybrid electric scooter. It specifically focuses on how the power split between the fuel cell and battery occurs under dynamic load requirements. The scooter is powered by two air–hydrogen Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) systems with a nominal power of 250 W each and a Li-ion battery (48 V, 12 Ah). The validation is performed following an ECE-R47 driving cycle. The maximum relative deviation of the fuel cell is 2.82% for the current value. The results of the simulation show a high level of agreement with the test data. This study provides a method allowing for an efficient assessment of the passive fuel cell–battery hybrid electric scooter.
Keywords
- experimental validation, fuel cell–battery electric scooter, passive hybrid, PEMFC, system modeling
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Computer Science(all)
- Computer Science (miscellaneous)
- Social Sciences(all)
- Geography, Planning and Development
- Energy(all)
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Environmental Science(all)
- Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
- Energy(all)
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Computer Science(all)
- Hardware and Architecture
- Computer Science(all)
- Computer Networks and Communications
- Environmental Science(all)
- Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol. 15, No. 17, 13180, 09.2023.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Dynamic Simulation Model and Experimental Validation of One Passive Fuel Cell–Battery Hybrid Powertrain for an Electric Light Scooter
AU - Zhang, Zhiming
AU - Rex, Alexander
AU - Zhou, Jiaming
AU - Zhang, Xinfeng
AU - Huang, Gangqiang
AU - Zhang, Jinming
AU - Zhang, Tong
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - Given the escalating issue of climate change, environmental protection is of growing importance. A rising proportion of battery-powered scooters are becoming available. However, their range is limited, and they require a long charging time. The fuel cell–battery-powered electric scooter appears to be a promising alternative. Further development of the active hybrid is the passive hybrid, in which the fuel cell is directly coupled to the battery, eliminating the need for a DC/DC converter. The passive hybrid promises the possibility of a reduction in the installation volume and cost. A simulation model is created MATLAB/Simulink for the passive fuel cell–battery hybrid electric scooter. It specifically focuses on how the power split between the fuel cell and battery occurs under dynamic load requirements. The scooter is powered by two air–hydrogen Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) systems with a nominal power of 250 W each and a Li-ion battery (48 V, 12 Ah). The validation is performed following an ECE-R47 driving cycle. The maximum relative deviation of the fuel cell is 2.82% for the current value. The results of the simulation show a high level of agreement with the test data. This study provides a method allowing for an efficient assessment of the passive fuel cell–battery hybrid electric scooter.
AB - Given the escalating issue of climate change, environmental protection is of growing importance. A rising proportion of battery-powered scooters are becoming available. However, their range is limited, and they require a long charging time. The fuel cell–battery-powered electric scooter appears to be a promising alternative. Further development of the active hybrid is the passive hybrid, in which the fuel cell is directly coupled to the battery, eliminating the need for a DC/DC converter. The passive hybrid promises the possibility of a reduction in the installation volume and cost. A simulation model is created MATLAB/Simulink for the passive fuel cell–battery hybrid electric scooter. It specifically focuses on how the power split between the fuel cell and battery occurs under dynamic load requirements. The scooter is powered by two air–hydrogen Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) systems with a nominal power of 250 W each and a Li-ion battery (48 V, 12 Ah). The validation is performed following an ECE-R47 driving cycle. The maximum relative deviation of the fuel cell is 2.82% for the current value. The results of the simulation show a high level of agreement with the test data. This study provides a method allowing for an efficient assessment of the passive fuel cell–battery hybrid electric scooter.
KW - experimental validation
KW - fuel cell–battery electric scooter
KW - passive hybrid
KW - PEMFC
KW - system modeling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170274010&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/su151713180
DO - 10.3390/su151713180
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85170274010
VL - 15
JO - Sustainability (Switzerland)
JF - Sustainability (Switzerland)
SN - 2071-1050
IS - 17
M1 - 13180
ER -