Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 110213 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-14 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | Materials and design |
| Volume | 212 |
| Early online date | 2 Nov 2021 |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Dec 2021 |
Abstract
Specimen design and manufacturing quality are decisive factors in the experimental determination of material properties, because they can only be reliably determined if all undesired influences have been minimized or are precisely known. The manufacture of specimens from highly viscous, two-component and fiber-reinforced structural adhesives presents a challenge from this point of view. Therefore, a design and manufacturing optimization procedure for fiber-reinforced structural adhesives and multiaxial testing was developed. It incorporated a finite element parametric study to minimize stress concentrations in the specimen geometry. Vacuum speed mixing was combined with 3D printed mold inserts to enable the manufacture of homogeneous specimens with negligible porosity. The method was demonstrated by means of a structural adhesive used to manufacture wind turbine rotor blades, while the manufacturing quality was verified with high-resolution X-ray microscopy (μCT scanning), enabling detailed detection of pores and geometrical imperfections. The results of uniaxial and biaxial static tests show maximized strength and stiffness properties, while the scatter was minimized in comparison to that stated in international literature. A comparison of the mechanical properties and associated manufacturing techniques is given. The comparison includes a porosity analysis of a specimen from an industrial dosing machine used for rotor blade manufacture.
Keywords
- Multiaxial testing, Porosity analysis, Structural adhesives, Wind turbine rotor blades
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Engineering(all)
- Mechanics of Materials
- Engineering(all)
- Mechanical Engineering
Research Area (based on ÖFOS 2012)
- TECHNICAL SCIENCES
- Construction Engineering
- Civil Engineering
- Endurance strength
- TECHNICAL SCIENCES
- Construction Engineering
- Civil Engineering
- Computational engineering
- TECHNICAL SCIENCES
- Environmental Engineering, Applied Geosciences
- Environmental Engineering
- Renewable energy
- TECHNICAL SCIENCES
- Mechanical Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering
- Endurance strength
- TECHNICAL SCIENCES
- Mechanical Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering
- Computational engineering
- TECHNICAL SCIENCES
- Mechanical Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering
- Strength of materials
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Materials and design, Vol. 212, 110213, 15.12.2021, p. 1-14.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Design and manufacturing optimization of epoxy-based adhesive specimens for multiaxial tests
AU - Wentingmann, Michael
AU - Manousides, Nikolas
AU - Antoniou, Alexandros
AU - Balzani, Claudio
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) in the ReliaBlade project (Grant Nos. 0324335A, 0324335B).
PY - 2021/12/15
Y1 - 2021/12/15
N2 - Specimen design and manufacturing quality are decisive factors in the experimental determination of material properties, because they can only be reliably determined if all undesired influences have been minimized or are precisely known. The manufacture of specimens from highly viscous, two-component and fiber-reinforced structural adhesives presents a challenge from this point of view. Therefore, a design and manufacturing optimization procedure for fiber-reinforced structural adhesives and multiaxial testing was developed. It incorporated a finite element parametric study to minimize stress concentrations in the specimen geometry. Vacuum speed mixing was combined with 3D printed mold inserts to enable the manufacture of homogeneous specimens with negligible porosity. The method was demonstrated by means of a structural adhesive used to manufacture wind turbine rotor blades, while the manufacturing quality was verified with high-resolution X-ray microscopy (μCT scanning), enabling detailed detection of pores and geometrical imperfections. The results of uniaxial and biaxial static tests show maximized strength and stiffness properties, while the scatter was minimized in comparison to that stated in international literature. A comparison of the mechanical properties and associated manufacturing techniques is given. The comparison includes a porosity analysis of a specimen from an industrial dosing machine used for rotor blade manufacture.
AB - Specimen design and manufacturing quality are decisive factors in the experimental determination of material properties, because they can only be reliably determined if all undesired influences have been minimized or are precisely known. The manufacture of specimens from highly viscous, two-component and fiber-reinforced structural adhesives presents a challenge from this point of view. Therefore, a design and manufacturing optimization procedure for fiber-reinforced structural adhesives and multiaxial testing was developed. It incorporated a finite element parametric study to minimize stress concentrations in the specimen geometry. Vacuum speed mixing was combined with 3D printed mold inserts to enable the manufacture of homogeneous specimens with negligible porosity. The method was demonstrated by means of a structural adhesive used to manufacture wind turbine rotor blades, while the manufacturing quality was verified with high-resolution X-ray microscopy (μCT scanning), enabling detailed detection of pores and geometrical imperfections. The results of uniaxial and biaxial static tests show maximized strength and stiffness properties, while the scatter was minimized in comparison to that stated in international literature. A comparison of the mechanical properties and associated manufacturing techniques is given. The comparison includes a porosity analysis of a specimen from an industrial dosing machine used for rotor blade manufacture.
KW - Multiaxial testing
KW - Porosity analysis
KW - Structural adhesives
KW - Wind turbine rotor blades
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118583182&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110213
DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110213
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85118583182
VL - 212
SP - 1
EP - 14
JO - Materials and design
JF - Materials and design
SN - 0264-1275
M1 - 110213
ER -