Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | LCTES'15: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers and Tools for Embedded Systems 2015 |
| Publisher | Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) |
| Pages | 58-67 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| ISBN (electronic) | 9781450332576 |
| Publication status | Published - Jun 2015 |
| Externally published | Yes |
| Event | 16th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers, Tools and Theory for Embedded Systems, LCTES 2015 - Portland, United States Duration: 18 Jun 2015 → 19 Jun 2015 |
Abstract
Embedded real-time control systems generally have a dedicated purpose and fixed set of functionalities. This manifests in a large amount of implicit and explicit static knowledge, available already at compile time. Modern compilers can extract and exploit this information to perform extensive whole-program analyses and inter-procedural optimizations. However, these analyses typically end at the application-kernel boundary, thus control-flow transitions between different threads are not covered, yet. This restriction stems from the pessimistic assumption of a probabilistic scheduling policy of the underlying operating system, impeding detailed predictions of the overall system behavior. Real-time operating systems, however, do provide deterministic and exactly specified scheduling decisions, as embedded control systems rely on a timely and precise behavior. In this paper, we present an approach that incorporates the RTOS semantics into the control-flow analysis, to cross the application-kernel boundary. By combining operating system semantics, the static system configuration and the application logic, we determine a cross-kernel control-flow-graph, that provides a global view on all possible execution paths of a real-time system. Having this knowledge at hand, enables us to tailor the operating system kernel more closely to the particular application scenario. On the example of a real-world safety-critical control system, we present two possible use cases: Run-time optimizations, by means of specialized system calls for each call site, allow to speed up the kernel execution path by 33 percent in our benchmark scenario. An automated generation of OS state assertions on the expected system behavior, targeting transient hardware fault tolerance, leverages significant robustness improvements.
Keywords
- AUTOSAR, Global control-flow graph, OSEK, Static analysis, Static system tailoring, Whole-system optimization
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Computer Science(all)
- Software
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LCTES'15: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers and Tools for Embedded Systems 2015. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2015. p. 58-67.
Research output: Chapter in book/report/conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Research › peer review
}
TY - GEN
T1 - Cross-Kernel Control-Flow–Graph Analysis for Event-Driven Real-Time Systems
AU - Dietrich, Christian
AU - Hoffmann, Martin
AU - Lohmann, Daniel
PY - 2015/6
Y1 - 2015/6
N2 - Embedded real-time control systems generally have a dedicated purpose and fixed set of functionalities. This manifests in a large amount of implicit and explicit static knowledge, available already at compile time. Modern compilers can extract and exploit this information to perform extensive whole-program analyses and inter-procedural optimizations. However, these analyses typically end at the application-kernel boundary, thus control-flow transitions between different threads are not covered, yet. This restriction stems from the pessimistic assumption of a probabilistic scheduling policy of the underlying operating system, impeding detailed predictions of the overall system behavior. Real-time operating systems, however, do provide deterministic and exactly specified scheduling decisions, as embedded control systems rely on a timely and precise behavior. In this paper, we present an approach that incorporates the RTOS semantics into the control-flow analysis, to cross the application-kernel boundary. By combining operating system semantics, the static system configuration and the application logic, we determine a cross-kernel control-flow-graph, that provides a global view on all possible execution paths of a real-time system. Having this knowledge at hand, enables us to tailor the operating system kernel more closely to the particular application scenario. On the example of a real-world safety-critical control system, we present two possible use cases: Run-time optimizations, by means of specialized system calls for each call site, allow to speed up the kernel execution path by 33 percent in our benchmark scenario. An automated generation of OS state assertions on the expected system behavior, targeting transient hardware fault tolerance, leverages significant robustness improvements.
AB - Embedded real-time control systems generally have a dedicated purpose and fixed set of functionalities. This manifests in a large amount of implicit and explicit static knowledge, available already at compile time. Modern compilers can extract and exploit this information to perform extensive whole-program analyses and inter-procedural optimizations. However, these analyses typically end at the application-kernel boundary, thus control-flow transitions between different threads are not covered, yet. This restriction stems from the pessimistic assumption of a probabilistic scheduling policy of the underlying operating system, impeding detailed predictions of the overall system behavior. Real-time operating systems, however, do provide deterministic and exactly specified scheduling decisions, as embedded control systems rely on a timely and precise behavior. In this paper, we present an approach that incorporates the RTOS semantics into the control-flow analysis, to cross the application-kernel boundary. By combining operating system semantics, the static system configuration and the application logic, we determine a cross-kernel control-flow-graph, that provides a global view on all possible execution paths of a real-time system. Having this knowledge at hand, enables us to tailor the operating system kernel more closely to the particular application scenario. On the example of a real-world safety-critical control system, we present two possible use cases: Run-time optimizations, by means of specialized system calls for each call site, allow to speed up the kernel execution path by 33 percent in our benchmark scenario. An automated generation of OS state assertions on the expected system behavior, targeting transient hardware fault tolerance, leverages significant robustness improvements.
KW - AUTOSAR
KW - Global control-flow graph
KW - OSEK
KW - Static analysis
KW - Static system tailoring
KW - Whole-system optimization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84951943239&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1145/2670529.2754963
DO - 10.1145/2670529.2754963
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84951943239
SP - 58
EP - 67
BT - LCTES'15: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers and Tools for Embedded Systems 2015
PB - Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
T2 - 16th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers, Tools and Theory for Embedded Systems, LCTES 2015
Y2 - 18 June 2015 through 19 June 2015
ER -