Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 48-57 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | GEODERMA |
| Volume | 146 |
| Issue number | 1-2 |
| Publication status | Published - 31 Jul 2008 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
Intensified rice cropping is not only increasing rice yields but also the amount of crop residue. In particular the lignin component of the residues may accumulate in submerged systems such as paddy soils due to incomplete decomposition under oxygen-limited conditions. Here, we examined the short and long-term effects of crop residue management on soil organic matter (SOM) in paddy soils of two experimental sites in China (Nanjing, Changsha) and one in the Philippines (Los Baños, Laguna). We determined organic C and total N, characterized the composition of alkaline-extractable SOM by 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the lignin component by CuO oxidation. The results revealed no significant changes in organic C, total N and total lignin-derived phenols upon incorporation of crop residue at the recently established experiments at Nanjing and Los Baños. In contrast, all tested variables increased at the long-term experiment at Changsha. Within 16 years (1990 to 2005), the organic C increased by 41% in the 'residue incorporated' plots while at the 'residue removed' plots the increase was 16%. Similar trends were found for total N. Lignin-derived phenols in 'residue incorporation' plots increased about 45% (12% for 'residue removed' plots). Parameters addressing alteration of lignin changed at the initial stages of the experiments. These changes are comparable to those observed in aerated cropping systems. No further changes in the lignin composition occurred at later stages of the experiments. The 13C NMR spectra revealed a largely unchanged SOM composition, thus supporting the results of the CuO oxidation. In summary, the additional input of crop residue in paddy soils seems to result in the mere accumulation of OM; the larger proportion of lignin-derived phenols reflects the input of crop residue. The comparable degree in oxidative alteration of lignin between 'residue removed' and 'residue incorporated' treatments indicates that the soil systems can cope with the increased residue-derived lignin input.
Keywords
- Crop residue, Lignin, Organic matter, Paddy-soils, Residue management
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
- Soil Science
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In: GEODERMA, Vol. 146, No. 1-2, 31.07.2008, p. 48-57.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Crop residue management effects on organic matter in paddy soils - The lignin component
AU - Bierke, Andreas
AU - Kaiser, Klaus
AU - Guggenberger, Georg
N1 - Funding information: This study was funded by the BMZ (Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung). We like to thank Dr. Roland Buresh for support at the IRRI experimental site (Los Baños, Laguna) and his guidance with the ‘Residue Incorporation for Healthy Soils’ project. Furthermore, we like to thank Prof. Kairong Wang from the ISA Changsha and Prof. Zucong Cai from the CAS, Institute of Soil Science Nanjing for their support and cooperation at the field sites. We thank Dr. L. Haumaier for the 13 C NMR measurements.
PY - 2008/7/31
Y1 - 2008/7/31
N2 - Intensified rice cropping is not only increasing rice yields but also the amount of crop residue. In particular the lignin component of the residues may accumulate in submerged systems such as paddy soils due to incomplete decomposition under oxygen-limited conditions. Here, we examined the short and long-term effects of crop residue management on soil organic matter (SOM) in paddy soils of two experimental sites in China (Nanjing, Changsha) and one in the Philippines (Los Baños, Laguna). We determined organic C and total N, characterized the composition of alkaline-extractable SOM by 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the lignin component by CuO oxidation. The results revealed no significant changes in organic C, total N and total lignin-derived phenols upon incorporation of crop residue at the recently established experiments at Nanjing and Los Baños. In contrast, all tested variables increased at the long-term experiment at Changsha. Within 16 years (1990 to 2005), the organic C increased by 41% in the 'residue incorporated' plots while at the 'residue removed' plots the increase was 16%. Similar trends were found for total N. Lignin-derived phenols in 'residue incorporation' plots increased about 45% (12% for 'residue removed' plots). Parameters addressing alteration of lignin changed at the initial stages of the experiments. These changes are comparable to those observed in aerated cropping systems. No further changes in the lignin composition occurred at later stages of the experiments. The 13C NMR spectra revealed a largely unchanged SOM composition, thus supporting the results of the CuO oxidation. In summary, the additional input of crop residue in paddy soils seems to result in the mere accumulation of OM; the larger proportion of lignin-derived phenols reflects the input of crop residue. The comparable degree in oxidative alteration of lignin between 'residue removed' and 'residue incorporated' treatments indicates that the soil systems can cope with the increased residue-derived lignin input.
AB - Intensified rice cropping is not only increasing rice yields but also the amount of crop residue. In particular the lignin component of the residues may accumulate in submerged systems such as paddy soils due to incomplete decomposition under oxygen-limited conditions. Here, we examined the short and long-term effects of crop residue management on soil organic matter (SOM) in paddy soils of two experimental sites in China (Nanjing, Changsha) and one in the Philippines (Los Baños, Laguna). We determined organic C and total N, characterized the composition of alkaline-extractable SOM by 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the lignin component by CuO oxidation. The results revealed no significant changes in organic C, total N and total lignin-derived phenols upon incorporation of crop residue at the recently established experiments at Nanjing and Los Baños. In contrast, all tested variables increased at the long-term experiment at Changsha. Within 16 years (1990 to 2005), the organic C increased by 41% in the 'residue incorporated' plots while at the 'residue removed' plots the increase was 16%. Similar trends were found for total N. Lignin-derived phenols in 'residue incorporation' plots increased about 45% (12% for 'residue removed' plots). Parameters addressing alteration of lignin changed at the initial stages of the experiments. These changes are comparable to those observed in aerated cropping systems. No further changes in the lignin composition occurred at later stages of the experiments. The 13C NMR spectra revealed a largely unchanged SOM composition, thus supporting the results of the CuO oxidation. In summary, the additional input of crop residue in paddy soils seems to result in the mere accumulation of OM; the larger proportion of lignin-derived phenols reflects the input of crop residue. The comparable degree in oxidative alteration of lignin between 'residue removed' and 'residue incorporated' treatments indicates that the soil systems can cope with the increased residue-derived lignin input.
KW - Crop residue
KW - Lignin
KW - Organic matter
KW - Paddy-soils
KW - Residue management
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=48149112129&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.05.004
DO - 10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.05.004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:48149112129
VL - 146
SP - 48
EP - 57
JO - GEODERMA
JF - GEODERMA
SN - 0016-7061
IS - 1-2
ER -