Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 438-451 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | Chemosphere |
| Volume | 184 |
| Publication status | Published - 4 Jun 2017 |
Abstract
Explosive materials are energetic substances, when released into the environment, contaminate by posing toxic hazards to environment and biota. Throughout the world, soils are contaminated by such contaminants either due to manufacturing operations, military activities, conflicts of different levels, open burning/open detonation (OB/OD), dumping of munitions etc. Among different forms of chemical explosives, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) are most common. These explosives are highly toxic as USEPA has recommended restrictions for lifetime contact through drinking water. Although, there are several utilitarian aspects in anthropogenic activities, however, effective remediation of explosives is very important. This review article emphasizes the details of appropriate practices to ameliorate the contamination. Critical evaluation has also been made to encompass the recent knowledge and advancement about bioremediation and phytoremediation of explosives (especially TNT, RDX and HMX) along with the molecular mechanisms of biodegradation.
Keywords
- Explosive materials, Greek fire, Microorganism, Phytoremediation, Propellants, Toxicity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Environmental Science(all)
- Environmental Engineering
- Environmental Science(all)
- Environmental Chemistry
- Chemistry(all)
- Environmental Science(all)
- Pollution
- Environmental Science(all)
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
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In: Chemosphere, Vol. 184, 04.06.2017, p. 438-451.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Common explosives (TNT, RDX, HMX) and their fate in the environment
T2 - Emphasizing bioremediation
AU - Chatterjee, Soumya
AU - Deb, Utsab
AU - Datta, Sibnarayan
AU - Walther, Clemens
AU - Gupta, Dharmendra K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/6/4
Y1 - 2017/6/4
N2 - Explosive materials are energetic substances, when released into the environment, contaminate by posing toxic hazards to environment and biota. Throughout the world, soils are contaminated by such contaminants either due to manufacturing operations, military activities, conflicts of different levels, open burning/open detonation (OB/OD), dumping of munitions etc. Among different forms of chemical explosives, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) are most common. These explosives are highly toxic as USEPA has recommended restrictions for lifetime contact through drinking water. Although, there are several utilitarian aspects in anthropogenic activities, however, effective remediation of explosives is very important. This review article emphasizes the details of appropriate practices to ameliorate the contamination. Critical evaluation has also been made to encompass the recent knowledge and advancement about bioremediation and phytoremediation of explosives (especially TNT, RDX and HMX) along with the molecular mechanisms of biodegradation.
AB - Explosive materials are energetic substances, when released into the environment, contaminate by posing toxic hazards to environment and biota. Throughout the world, soils are contaminated by such contaminants either due to manufacturing operations, military activities, conflicts of different levels, open burning/open detonation (OB/OD), dumping of munitions etc. Among different forms of chemical explosives, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) are most common. These explosives are highly toxic as USEPA has recommended restrictions for lifetime contact through drinking water. Although, there are several utilitarian aspects in anthropogenic activities, however, effective remediation of explosives is very important. This review article emphasizes the details of appropriate practices to ameliorate the contamination. Critical evaluation has also been made to encompass the recent knowledge and advancement about bioremediation and phytoremediation of explosives (especially TNT, RDX and HMX) along with the molecular mechanisms of biodegradation.
KW - Explosive materials
KW - Greek fire
KW - Microorganism
KW - Phytoremediation
KW - Propellants
KW - Toxicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85020386095&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.008
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.008
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28618276
AN - SCOPUS:85020386095
VL - 184
SP - 438
EP - 451
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
ER -