Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 117861 |
| Journal | Journal of Materials Processing Technology |
| Volume | 312 |
| Early online date | 2 Jan 2023 |
| Publication status | Published - Mar 2023 |
Abstract
The subsurface of metastable austenitic steels can be transformed to martensite by cryogenic turning. To enhance the phase transformation and at the same time the productivity of the production process to save time and energy, it is advantageous to use high depths of cut. However, when in-process cooling methods are used, the effectively cooled zone is cut away in the cryogenic machining process for high depths of cut. As it is shown in the present study by pre-cooling the workpieces using liquid N2, the whole workpiece and following the subsurface layer is sufficiently cooled, and a high martensite content can be obtained at high depths of cut. Moreover, the use of a sub-zero metalworking fluid (MWF) also proved to be advantageous. The sub-zero MWF was applied within the cutting process. Due to the better heat transfer coefficient compared to other cryogenic in-process cooling methods like liquid N2 or CO2 snow, a high cooling capacity was achieved even though the lubricant had a higher working temperature. Additionally, the martensitic subsurface transformation was more homogeneous compared to other in-process cooling methods and the surface quality was enhanced. Further, eddy current testing is a suitable non-destructive testing method for possible process control as it allows for the detection of deformation-induced martensite. It showed, nevertheless, an additional in-process cooling to the pre-cooled workpieces is advantageous to ensure a homogeneous hardening effect over the workpiece length and cutting process time.
Keywords
- Cooling strategies, Cryogenic, Deformation-induced martensitic transformation, Eddy current testing, Machining
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- Ceramics and Composites
- Computer Science(all)
- Computer Science Applications
- Materials Science(all)
- Metals and Alloys
- Engineering(all)
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
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In: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 312, 117861, 03.2023.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Combined influence of cooling strategies and depth of cut on the deformation-induced martensitic transformation turning AISI 304
AU - Fricke, Lara Vivian
AU - Basten, Stephan
AU - Nguyen, Hai Nam
AU - Breidenstein, Bernd
AU - Kirsch, Benjamin
AU - Aurich, Jan C.
AU - Zaremba, David
AU - Maier, Hans Jürgen
AU - Barton, Sebastian
N1 - Funding Information: Financial support of this study by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the research priority program SPP 2086 (grant project number 401800578 and 401538950 ) is gratefully acknowledged.
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - The subsurface of metastable austenitic steels can be transformed to martensite by cryogenic turning. To enhance the phase transformation and at the same time the productivity of the production process to save time and energy, it is advantageous to use high depths of cut. However, when in-process cooling methods are used, the effectively cooled zone is cut away in the cryogenic machining process for high depths of cut. As it is shown in the present study by pre-cooling the workpieces using liquid N2, the whole workpiece and following the subsurface layer is sufficiently cooled, and a high martensite content can be obtained at high depths of cut. Moreover, the use of a sub-zero metalworking fluid (MWF) also proved to be advantageous. The sub-zero MWF was applied within the cutting process. Due to the better heat transfer coefficient compared to other cryogenic in-process cooling methods like liquid N2 or CO2 snow, a high cooling capacity was achieved even though the lubricant had a higher working temperature. Additionally, the martensitic subsurface transformation was more homogeneous compared to other in-process cooling methods and the surface quality was enhanced. Further, eddy current testing is a suitable non-destructive testing method for possible process control as it allows for the detection of deformation-induced martensite. It showed, nevertheless, an additional in-process cooling to the pre-cooled workpieces is advantageous to ensure a homogeneous hardening effect over the workpiece length and cutting process time.
AB - The subsurface of metastable austenitic steels can be transformed to martensite by cryogenic turning. To enhance the phase transformation and at the same time the productivity of the production process to save time and energy, it is advantageous to use high depths of cut. However, when in-process cooling methods are used, the effectively cooled zone is cut away in the cryogenic machining process for high depths of cut. As it is shown in the present study by pre-cooling the workpieces using liquid N2, the whole workpiece and following the subsurface layer is sufficiently cooled, and a high martensite content can be obtained at high depths of cut. Moreover, the use of a sub-zero metalworking fluid (MWF) also proved to be advantageous. The sub-zero MWF was applied within the cutting process. Due to the better heat transfer coefficient compared to other cryogenic in-process cooling methods like liquid N2 or CO2 snow, a high cooling capacity was achieved even though the lubricant had a higher working temperature. Additionally, the martensitic subsurface transformation was more homogeneous compared to other in-process cooling methods and the surface quality was enhanced. Further, eddy current testing is a suitable non-destructive testing method for possible process control as it allows for the detection of deformation-induced martensite. It showed, nevertheless, an additional in-process cooling to the pre-cooled workpieces is advantageous to ensure a homogeneous hardening effect over the workpiece length and cutting process time.
KW - Cooling strategies
KW - Cryogenic
KW - Deformation-induced martensitic transformation
KW - Eddy current testing
KW - Machining
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85145775044&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2023.117861
DO - 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2023.117861
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85145775044
VL - 312
JO - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
JF - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
SN - 0924-0136
M1 - 117861
ER -