Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 803 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-14 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | MATERIALS |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| Publication status | Published - 8 Feb 2021 |
Abstract
The current study introduces a method for manufacturing steel–aluminum bearing bush-ings by compound forging. To study the process, cylindrical bimetal workpieces consisting of steel AISI 4820 (1.7147, 20MnCr5) in the internal diameter and aluminum 6082 (3.2315, AlSi1MgMn) in the external diameter were used. The forming of compounds consisting of dissimilar materials is challenging due to their different thermophysical and mechanical properties. The specific heating concept discussed in this article was developed in order to achieve sufficient formability for both materials simultaneously. By means of tailored heating, the bimetal workpieces were successfully formed to a bearing bushing geometry using two different strategies with different heating durations. A metallurgical bond without any forging defects, e.g., gaps and cracks, was observed in areas of high deformation. The steel–aluminum interface was subsequently examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that the examined forming process, which utilized steel–aluminum workpieces having no metallurgical bond prior to forming, led to the formation of insular intermetallic phases along the joining zone with a maximum thickness of approximately 5–7 µm. The results of the EDS analysis indicated a prevailing Fe x Al y phase in the resulting intermetallic layer.
Keywords
- Bimetal bearing bushing, Compound forging, Hybrid components, Induction heating, Intermetallic phases, Tailored forming
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Materials Science(all)
- General Materials Science
Cite this
- Standard
- Harvard
- Apa
- Vancouver
- BibTeX
- RIS
In: MATERIALS, Vol. 14, No. 4, 803, 08.02.2021, p. 1-14.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Challenges in the Forging of Steel-Aluminum Bearing Bushings
AU - Behrens, Bernd-Arno
AU - Uhe, Johanna
AU - Petersen, Tom
AU - Klose, Christian
AU - Thürer, Susanne
AU - Diefenbach, Julian
AU - Chugreeva, Anna
N1 - Funding information: This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) grant number 252662854. Acknowledgments: The results presented in this paper were obtained within the Collaborative Research Center 1153 “Process chain to produce hybrid high-performance components by Tailored Forming”—252662854. (subproject B2). The authors would like to thank the German Research Foundation (DFG) for the financial and organizational support of this project. Moreover, the authors wish to express their sincere gratitude to Bettina Niemeyer, Tim Matthias, Anja Krabbenhöft and Florian Nürnberger for their support in performing metallographical, nanoindentation and SEM experiments.
PY - 2021/2/8
Y1 - 2021/2/8
N2 - The current study introduces a method for manufacturing steel–aluminum bearing bush-ings by compound forging. To study the process, cylindrical bimetal workpieces consisting of steel AISI 4820 (1.7147, 20MnCr5) in the internal diameter and aluminum 6082 (3.2315, AlSi1MgMn) in the external diameter were used. The forming of compounds consisting of dissimilar materials is challenging due to their different thermophysical and mechanical properties. The specific heating concept discussed in this article was developed in order to achieve sufficient formability for both materials simultaneously. By means of tailored heating, the bimetal workpieces were successfully formed to a bearing bushing geometry using two different strategies with different heating durations. A metallurgical bond without any forging defects, e.g., gaps and cracks, was observed in areas of high deformation. The steel–aluminum interface was subsequently examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that the examined forming process, which utilized steel–aluminum workpieces having no metallurgical bond prior to forming, led to the formation of insular intermetallic phases along the joining zone with a maximum thickness of approximately 5–7 µm. The results of the EDS analysis indicated a prevailing Fe x Al y phase in the resulting intermetallic layer.
AB - The current study introduces a method for manufacturing steel–aluminum bearing bush-ings by compound forging. To study the process, cylindrical bimetal workpieces consisting of steel AISI 4820 (1.7147, 20MnCr5) in the internal diameter and aluminum 6082 (3.2315, AlSi1MgMn) in the external diameter were used. The forming of compounds consisting of dissimilar materials is challenging due to their different thermophysical and mechanical properties. The specific heating concept discussed in this article was developed in order to achieve sufficient formability for both materials simultaneously. By means of tailored heating, the bimetal workpieces were successfully formed to a bearing bushing geometry using two different strategies with different heating durations. A metallurgical bond without any forging defects, e.g., gaps and cracks, was observed in areas of high deformation. The steel–aluminum interface was subsequently examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that the examined forming process, which utilized steel–aluminum workpieces having no metallurgical bond prior to forming, led to the formation of insular intermetallic phases along the joining zone with a maximum thickness of approximately 5–7 µm. The results of the EDS analysis indicated a prevailing Fe x Al y phase in the resulting intermetallic layer.
KW - Bimetal bearing bushing
KW - Compound forging
KW - Hybrid components
KW - Induction heating
KW - Intermetallic phases
KW - Tailored forming
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100739118&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ma14040803
DO - 10.3390/ma14040803
M3 - Article
VL - 14
SP - 1
EP - 14
JO - MATERIALS
JF - MATERIALS
SN - 1996-1944
IS - 4
M1 - 803
ER -