Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1509-1512 |
| Number of pages | 4 |
| Journal | Science |
| Volume | 326 |
| Issue number | 5959 |
| Publication status | Published - 11 Dec 2009 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Abstract
The pathogenicity of many bacteria depends on the injection of effector proteins via type III secretion into eukaryotic cells in order to manipulate cellular processes. TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors from plant pathogenic Xanthomonas are important virulence factors that act as transcriptional activators in the plant cell nucleus, where they directly bind to DNA via a central domain of tandem repeats. Here, we show how target DNA specificity of TAL effectors is encoded. Two hypervariable amino acid residues in each repeat recognize one base pair in the target DNA. Recognition sequences of TAL effectors were predicted and experimentally confirmed. The modular protein architecture enabled the construction of artificial effectors with new specificities. Our study describes the functionality of a distinct type of DNA binding domain and allows the design of DNA binding domains for biotechnology.
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In: Science, Vol. 326, No. 5959, 11.12.2009, p. 1509-1512.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Breaking the code of DNA binding specificity of TAL-type III effectors
AU - Boch, Jens
AU - Scholze, Heidi
AU - Schornack, Sebastian
AU - Landgraf, Angelika
AU - Hahn, Simone
AU - Kay, Sabine
AU - Lahaye, Thomas
AU - Nickstadt, Anja
AU - Bonas, Ulla
N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2009/12/11
Y1 - 2009/12/11
N2 - The pathogenicity of many bacteria depends on the injection of effector proteins via type III secretion into eukaryotic cells in order to manipulate cellular processes. TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors from plant pathogenic Xanthomonas are important virulence factors that act as transcriptional activators in the plant cell nucleus, where they directly bind to DNA via a central domain of tandem repeats. Here, we show how target DNA specificity of TAL effectors is encoded. Two hypervariable amino acid residues in each repeat recognize one base pair in the target DNA. Recognition sequences of TAL effectors were predicted and experimentally confirmed. The modular protein architecture enabled the construction of artificial effectors with new specificities. Our study describes the functionality of a distinct type of DNA binding domain and allows the design of DNA binding domains for biotechnology.
AB - The pathogenicity of many bacteria depends on the injection of effector proteins via type III secretion into eukaryotic cells in order to manipulate cellular processes. TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors from plant pathogenic Xanthomonas are important virulence factors that act as transcriptional activators in the plant cell nucleus, where they directly bind to DNA via a central domain of tandem repeats. Here, we show how target DNA specificity of TAL effectors is encoded. Two hypervariable amino acid residues in each repeat recognize one base pair in the target DNA. Recognition sequences of TAL effectors were predicted and experimentally confirmed. The modular protein architecture enabled the construction of artificial effectors with new specificities. Our study describes the functionality of a distinct type of DNA binding domain and allows the design of DNA binding domains for biotechnology.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=72149110399&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1126/science.1178811
DO - 10.1126/science.1178811
M3 - Article
C2 - 19933107
AN - SCOPUS:72149110399
VL - 326
SP - 1509
EP - 1512
JO - Science
JF - Science
SN - 0036-8075
IS - 5959
ER -