Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 103728 |
| Journal | Results in Engineering |
| Volume | 25 |
| Early online date | 16 Dec 2024 |
| Publication status | E-pub ahead of print - 16 Dec 2024 |
Abstract
The increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional lubricants have led to a growing interest in sustainable alternatives, particularly biogenic grease. This study introduces a novel approach to synthesizing and characterizing fully biodegradable greases using palm oil as the base oil and renewable biothickeners, namely glycerol monostearate (GMS) and soywax (SW). The innovation lies in utilizing the distinct properties of these biothickeners to optimize the grease structure and performance for industrial applications. GMS enhances the consistency and mechanical stability, while SW controls the elasticity and oil bleeding. Rheological analysis shows that GMS exhibits the thickening capabilities at room temperature (RT) to achieve common grease consistencies, while SW enhances elasticity, achieving a unique balance of firmness and flexibility. Thermal analysis indicates that GMS-based greases had higher thermal stability, while SW enhance low-temperature performance. Tribological testing reveals a reduction in friction and wear, with an earlier transition to the mixed lubrication regime compared to a reference commercial grease (CG). Under boundary lubrication, GMS-based samples perform better than the CG, particularly under higher contact pressures. In contrast, SW-based formulations demonstrate better lubrication at lower contact pressures. In fluid friction regimes, almost all bio-based samples outperform the CG, showing potential for high-speed applications. When tested in angular contact ball bearings under oscillating motion (a typical moderate temperature application), the bio-greases show decent results in preventing false brinelling. This study highlights the potential of these eco-friendly formulations as a viable alternative to conventional greases.
Keywords
- Bio-grease, Green lubricant, Oscillating bearings, Renewable resources, Rheology, Sustainable lubrication, Tribology
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- General Engineering
Sustainable Development Goals
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In: Results in Engineering, Vol. 25, 103728, 03.2025.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Biogenic palm oil-based greases with glycerol monostearate and soy wax
T2 - A rheological and tribological study
AU - Nassef, Belal G.
AU - Moradi, Amirreza
AU - Bayer, Gernot
AU - Pape, Florian
AU - Abouelkasem, Zeyad A.
AU - Rummel, Florian
AU - Schmölzer, Stefan
AU - Poll, Gerhard
AU - Marian, Max
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
PY - 2024/12/16
Y1 - 2024/12/16
N2 - The increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional lubricants have led to a growing interest in sustainable alternatives, particularly biogenic grease. This study introduces a novel approach to synthesizing and characterizing fully biodegradable greases using palm oil as the base oil and renewable biothickeners, namely glycerol monostearate (GMS) and soywax (SW). The innovation lies in utilizing the distinct properties of these biothickeners to optimize the grease structure and performance for industrial applications. GMS enhances the consistency and mechanical stability, while SW controls the elasticity and oil bleeding. Rheological analysis shows that GMS exhibits the thickening capabilities at room temperature (RT) to achieve common grease consistencies, while SW enhances elasticity, achieving a unique balance of firmness and flexibility. Thermal analysis indicates that GMS-based greases had higher thermal stability, while SW enhance low-temperature performance. Tribological testing reveals a reduction in friction and wear, with an earlier transition to the mixed lubrication regime compared to a reference commercial grease (CG). Under boundary lubrication, GMS-based samples perform better than the CG, particularly under higher contact pressures. In contrast, SW-based formulations demonstrate better lubrication at lower contact pressures. In fluid friction regimes, almost all bio-based samples outperform the CG, showing potential for high-speed applications. When tested in angular contact ball bearings under oscillating motion (a typical moderate temperature application), the bio-greases show decent results in preventing false brinelling. This study highlights the potential of these eco-friendly formulations as a viable alternative to conventional greases.
AB - The increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional lubricants have led to a growing interest in sustainable alternatives, particularly biogenic grease. This study introduces a novel approach to synthesizing and characterizing fully biodegradable greases using palm oil as the base oil and renewable biothickeners, namely glycerol monostearate (GMS) and soywax (SW). The innovation lies in utilizing the distinct properties of these biothickeners to optimize the grease structure and performance for industrial applications. GMS enhances the consistency and mechanical stability, while SW controls the elasticity and oil bleeding. Rheological analysis shows that GMS exhibits the thickening capabilities at room temperature (RT) to achieve common grease consistencies, while SW enhances elasticity, achieving a unique balance of firmness and flexibility. Thermal analysis indicates that GMS-based greases had higher thermal stability, while SW enhance low-temperature performance. Tribological testing reveals a reduction in friction and wear, with an earlier transition to the mixed lubrication regime compared to a reference commercial grease (CG). Under boundary lubrication, GMS-based samples perform better than the CG, particularly under higher contact pressures. In contrast, SW-based formulations demonstrate better lubrication at lower contact pressures. In fluid friction regimes, almost all bio-based samples outperform the CG, showing potential for high-speed applications. When tested in angular contact ball bearings under oscillating motion (a typical moderate temperature application), the bio-greases show decent results in preventing false brinelling. This study highlights the potential of these eco-friendly formulations as a viable alternative to conventional greases.
KW - Bio-grease
KW - Green lubricant
KW - Oscillating bearings
KW - Renewable resources
KW - Rheology
KW - Sustainable lubrication
KW - Tribology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85212048189&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103728
DO - 10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103728
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85212048189
VL - 25
JO - Results in Engineering
JF - Results in Engineering
M1 - 103728
ER -