Aptazymes: Expanding the Specificity of Natural Catalytic Nucleic Acids by Application of In Vitro Selected Oligonucleotides

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Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)107-119
Number of pages13
JournalAdvances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology
Volume170
Publication statusPublished - 8 Mar 2019

Abstract

Aptazymes are synthetic molecules composed of an aptamer domain and a catalytic active nucleic acid unit, which may be a ribozyme or a DNAzyme. In these constructs the aptamer domain serves as a molecular switch that can regulate the catalytic activity of the ribozyme or DNAzyme subunit. This regulation is triggered by binding of the aptamers target molecule, which causes significant structural changes in the aptamer and thus in the entire aptazyme. Therefore, aptazymes function similar to allosteric enzymes, whose catalytic activity is regulated by binding of ligands (effectors) to allosteric sites due to alteration of the three-dimensional structure of the active site of the enzyme. In case of aptazymes, the allosteric site is composed of an aptamer. Aptazymes can be designed for different applications and have already been used in analytical assays as well as for the regulation of gene expression.

Keywords

    Aptamers, Nucleotide/chemistry, Catalysis, DNA, Catalytic/chemistry, Ligands, Protein Binding, RNA, Catalytic/chemistry, DNAzyme, Ribozyme, Aptamer, Aptazyme

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Aptazymes: Expanding the Specificity of Natural Catalytic Nucleic Acids by Application of In Vitro Selected Oligonucleotides. / Walter, Johanna-Gabriela; Stahl, Frank.
In: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, Vol. 170, 08.03.2019, p. 107-119.

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articleResearchpeer review

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abstract = "Aptazymes are synthetic molecules composed of an aptamer domain and a catalytic active nucleic acid unit, which may be a ribozyme or a DNAzyme. In these constructs the aptamer domain serves as a molecular switch that can regulate the catalytic activity of the ribozyme or DNAzyme subunit. This regulation is triggered by binding of the aptamers target molecule, which causes significant structural changes in the aptamer and thus in the entire aptazyme. Therefore, aptazymes function similar to allosteric enzymes, whose catalytic activity is regulated by binding of ligands (effectors) to allosteric sites due to alteration of the three-dimensional structure of the active site of the enzyme. In case of aptazymes, the allosteric site is composed of an aptamer. Aptazymes can be designed for different applications and have already been used in analytical assays as well as for the regulation of gene expression.",
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AU - Walter, Johanna-Gabriela

AU - Stahl, Frank

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KW - DNA, Catalytic/chemistry

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KW - Protein Binding

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KW - Ribozyme

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