Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 9376593 |
| Pages (from-to) | 5377-5387 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation |
| Volume | 69 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| Early online date | 11 Mar 2021 |
| Publication status | Published - 3 Sept 2021 |
Abstract
In this article, redefined antenna parameters regarding the additional effects occurring with on-body propagation are derived to enable a standardized characterization of on-body antennas. A model for the on-body propagation of arbitrary wearable and implantable antennas using Green's functions based on the Norton surface wave theory and the surface equivalence principle is presented, which subsequently is used as an on-body near-field-to-far-field transformation. The defined on-body far-field enables the redefinition of the antenna parameters (gain, effective area, and efficiency) for the on-body case. Based thereon, the antennas can be deembedded from the on-body channel and the on-body link between two antennas can be calculated by an adapted Friis transmission equation similar to free-space propagation. It is demonstrated by two examples, one of a hearing aid antenna and another of an antenna of an implantable pacemaker, that the on-body antenna parameters allow for an educated design of the antennas without the necessity of electromagnetic modeling of the entire system.
Keywords
- antenna de-embedding, Antenna radiation patterns, Antenna theory, Antennas, Body area networks, Dipole antennas, EM theory, implantable antennas, on-body propagation, Surface waves, wearable antennas, Wireless body area networks, Wireless communication, On-body propagation, Wireless body area networks (WBANs), Electromagnetic (EM) theory, Implantable antennas, Antenna deembedding, Wearable antennas
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Research Area (based on ÖFOS 2012)
- TECHNICAL SCIENCES
- Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Information Engineering
- Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Information Engineering
- Microwave engineering
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In: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 69, No. 9, 9376593, 03.09.2021, p. 5377-5387.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Antenna Parameters for On-Body Communications with Wearable and Implantable Antennas
AU - Berkelmann, Lukas
AU - Manteuffel, Dirk
N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received August 26, 2020; revised January 11, 2021; accepted January 26, 2021. Date of publication March 11, 2021; date of current version September 3, 2021. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft (DFG) under Grant MA 4981/11-1. (Corresponding author: Lukas Berkelmann.) The authors are with the Institute of Microwave and Wireless Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany (e-mail: berkelmann@imw.uni-hannover.de; manteuffel@imw.uni-hannover.de).
PY - 2021/9/3
Y1 - 2021/9/3
N2 - In this article, redefined antenna parameters regarding the additional effects occurring with on-body propagation are derived to enable a standardized characterization of on-body antennas. A model for the on-body propagation of arbitrary wearable and implantable antennas using Green's functions based on the Norton surface wave theory and the surface equivalence principle is presented, which subsequently is used as an on-body near-field-to-far-field transformation. The defined on-body far-field enables the redefinition of the antenna parameters (gain, effective area, and efficiency) for the on-body case. Based thereon, the antennas can be deembedded from the on-body channel and the on-body link between two antennas can be calculated by an adapted Friis transmission equation similar to free-space propagation. It is demonstrated by two examples, one of a hearing aid antenna and another of an antenna of an implantable pacemaker, that the on-body antenna parameters allow for an educated design of the antennas without the necessity of electromagnetic modeling of the entire system.
AB - In this article, redefined antenna parameters regarding the additional effects occurring with on-body propagation are derived to enable a standardized characterization of on-body antennas. A model for the on-body propagation of arbitrary wearable and implantable antennas using Green's functions based on the Norton surface wave theory and the surface equivalence principle is presented, which subsequently is used as an on-body near-field-to-far-field transformation. The defined on-body far-field enables the redefinition of the antenna parameters (gain, effective area, and efficiency) for the on-body case. Based thereon, the antennas can be deembedded from the on-body channel and the on-body link between two antennas can be calculated by an adapted Friis transmission equation similar to free-space propagation. It is demonstrated by two examples, one of a hearing aid antenna and another of an antenna of an implantable pacemaker, that the on-body antenna parameters allow for an educated design of the antennas without the necessity of electromagnetic modeling of the entire system.
KW - antenna de-embedding
KW - Antenna radiation patterns
KW - Antenna theory
KW - Antennas
KW - Body area networks
KW - Dipole antennas
KW - EM theory
KW - implantable antennas
KW - on-body propagation
KW - Surface waves
KW - wearable antennas
KW - Wireless body area networks
KW - Wireless communication
KW - On-body propagation
KW - Wireless body area networks (WBANs)
KW - Electromagnetic (EM) theory
KW - Implantable antennas
KW - Antenna deembedding
KW - Wearable antennas
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102696909&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/tap.2021.3060944
DO - 10.1109/tap.2021.3060944
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85102696909
VL - 69
SP - 5377
EP - 5387
JO - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
JF - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
SN - 0018-926X
IS - 9
M1 - 9376593
ER -