A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review

Authors

  • Jacopo Buongiorno
  • David C. Venerus
  • Naveen Prabhat
  • Thomas McKrell
  • Jessica Townsend
  • Rebecca Christianson
  • Yuriy V. Tolmachev
  • Pawel Keblinski
  • Lin-Wen Hu
  • Jorge L. Alvarado
  • In Cheol Bang
  • Sandra W. Bishnoi
  • Marco Bonetti
  • Frank Botz
  • Anselmo Cecere
  • Yun Chang
  • Gang Chen
  • Haisheng Chen
  • Sung Jae Chung
  • Minking K. Chyu
  • Sarit K. Das
  • Roberto Di Paola
  • Yulong Ding
  • Frank Dubois
  • Grzegorz Dzido
  • Jacob Eapen
  • Werner Escher
  • Denis Funfschilling
  • Quentin Galand
  • Jinwei Gao
  • Patricia E. Gharagozloo
  • Kenneth E. Goodson
  • Jorge Gustavo Gutierrez
  • Haiping Hong
  • Mark Horton
  • Kyo Sik Hwang
  • Carlo S. Iorio
  • Seok Pil Jang
  • Andrzej B. Jarzebski
  • Yiran Jiang
  • Liwen Jin
  • Stephan Kabelac
  • Aravind Kamath
  • Mark A. Kedzierski
  • Lim Geok Kieng
  • Chongyoup Kim
  • Ji-Hyun Kim
  • Seokwon Kim
  • Seung Hyun Lee
  • Kai Choong Leong
  • Indranil Manna
  • Bruno Michel
  • Rui Ni
  • Hrishikesh E. Patel
  • John Philip
  • Dimos Poulikakos
  • Cecile Reynaud
  • Raffaele Savino
  • Pawan K. Singh
  • Pengxiang Song
  • Thirumalachari Sundararajan
  • Elena Timofeeva
  • Todd Tritcak
  • Aleksandr N. Turanov
  • Stefan Van Vaerenbergh
  • Dongsheng Wen
  • Sanjeeva Witharana
  • Chun Yang
  • Wei Hsun Yeh
  • Xiao-Zheng Zhao
  • Sheng-Qi Zhou

External Research Organisations

  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Illinois Institute of Technology
  • Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering
  • Kent State University
  • Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
  • Texas A and M University
  • Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
  • Tokyo Institute of Technology
  • METSS Corporation
  • Monte S. Angelo University Federico II
  • Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd.
  • University of Leeds
  • University of Pittsburgh
  • Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM)
  • Free University of Brussels (ULB)
  • Silesian University of Technology
  • North Carolina State University
  • IBM Zurich Research Laboratory
  • ETH Zurich
  • The Chinese University of Hong Kong
  • Stanford University
  • University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez
  • South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
  • Korea Aerospace University
  • Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
  • Helmut Schmidt University
  • National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
  • DSO National Laboratory, Singapore
  • Korea University
  • Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IITKGP)
  • Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
  • Queen Mary University of London
  • Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
  • French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
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Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number094312
JournalJournal of Applied Physics
Volume106
Issue number9
Early online date13 Nov 2009
Publication statusPublished - 2009
Externally publishedYes

Abstract

This article reports on the International Nanofluid Property Benchmark Exercise, or INPBE, in which the thermal conductivity of identical samples of colloidally stable dispersions of nanoparticles or "nanofluids," was measured by over 30 organizations worldwide, using a variety of experimental approaches, including the transient hot wire method, steady-state methods, and optical methods. The nanofluids tested in the exercise were comprised of aqueous and nonaqueous basefluids, metal and metal oxide particles, near-spherical and elongated particles, at low and high particle concentrations. The data analysis reveals that the data from most organizations lie within a relatively narrow band (±10% or less) about the sample average with only few outliers. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was found to increase with particle concentration and aspect ratio, as expected from classical theory. There are (small) systematic differences in the absolute values of the nanofluid thermal conductivity among the various experimental approaches; however, such differences tend to disappear when the data are normalized to the measured thermal conductivity of the basefluid. The effective medium theory developed for dispersed particles by Maxwell in 1881 and recently generalized by Nan [J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6692 (1997)], was found to be in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that no anomalous enhancement of thermal conductivity was achieved in the nanofluids tested in this exercise.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cite this

A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. / Buongiorno, Jacopo; Venerus, David C.; Prabhat, Naveen et al.
In: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 106, No. 9, 094312, 2009.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer review

Buongiorno, J, Venerus, DC, Prabhat, N, McKrell, T, Townsend, J, Christianson, R, Tolmachev, YV, Keblinski, P, Hu, L-W, Alvarado, JL, Bang, IC, Bishnoi, SW, Bonetti, M, Botz, F, Cecere, A, Chang, Y, Chen, G, Chen, H, Chung, SJ, Chyu, MK, Das, SK, Di Paola, R, Ding, Y, Dubois, F, Dzido, G, Eapen, J, Escher, W, Funfschilling, D, Galand, Q, Gao, J, Gharagozloo, PE, Goodson, KE, Gutierrez, JG, Hong, H, Horton, M, Hwang, KS, Iorio, CS, Jang, SP, Jarzebski, AB, Jiang, Y, Jin, L, Kabelac, S, Kamath, A, Kedzierski, MA, Kieng, LG, Kim, C, Kim, J-H, Kim, S, Lee, SH, Leong, KC, Manna, I, Michel, B, Ni, R, Patel, HE, Philip, J, Poulikakos, D, Reynaud, C, Savino, R, Singh, PK, Song, P, Sundararajan, T, Timofeeva, E, Tritcak, T, Turanov, AN, Van Vaerenbergh, S, Wen, D, Witharana, S, Yang, C, Yeh, WH, Zhao, X-Z & Zhou, S-Q 2009, 'A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 106, no. 9, 094312. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3245330
Buongiorno, J., Venerus, D. C., Prabhat, N., McKrell, T., Townsend, J., Christianson, R., Tolmachev, Y. V., Keblinski, P., Hu, L.-W., Alvarado, J. L., Bang, I. C., Bishnoi, S. W., Bonetti, M., Botz, F., Cecere, A., Chang, Y., Chen, G., Chen, H., Chung, S. J., ... Zhou, S.-Q. (2009). A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Journal of Applied Physics, 106(9), Article 094312. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3245330
Buongiorno J, Venerus DC, Prabhat N, McKrell T, Townsend J, Christianson R et al. A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Journal of Applied Physics. 2009;106(9):094312. Epub 2009 Nov 13. doi: 10.1063/1.3245330
Buongiorno, Jacopo ; Venerus, David C. ; Prabhat, Naveen et al. / A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. In: Journal of Applied Physics. 2009 ; Vol. 106, No. 9.
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title = "A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids",
abstract = "This article reports on the International Nanofluid Property Benchmark Exercise, or INPBE, in which the thermal conductivity of identical samples of colloidally stable dispersions of nanoparticles or {"}nanofluids,{"} was measured by over 30 organizations worldwide, using a variety of experimental approaches, including the transient hot wire method, steady-state methods, and optical methods. The nanofluids tested in the exercise were comprised of aqueous and nonaqueous basefluids, metal and metal oxide particles, near-spherical and elongated particles, at low and high particle concentrations. The data analysis reveals that the data from most organizations lie within a relatively narrow band (±10% or less) about the sample average with only few outliers. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was found to increase with particle concentration and aspect ratio, as expected from classical theory. There are (small) systematic differences in the absolute values of the nanofluid thermal conductivity among the various experimental approaches; however, such differences tend to disappear when the data are normalized to the measured thermal conductivity of the basefluid. The effective medium theory developed for dispersed particles by Maxwell in 1881 and recently generalized by Nan [J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6692 (1997)], was found to be in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that no anomalous enhancement of thermal conductivity was achieved in the nanofluids tested in this exercise.",
author = "Jacopo Buongiorno and Venerus, {David C.} and Naveen Prabhat and Thomas McKrell and Jessica Townsend and Rebecca Christianson and Tolmachev, {Yuriy V.} and Pawel Keblinski and Lin-Wen Hu and Alvarado, {Jorge L.} and Bang, {In Cheol} and Bishnoi, {Sandra W.} and Marco Bonetti and Frank Botz and Anselmo Cecere and Yun Chang and Gang Chen and Haisheng Chen and Chung, {Sung Jae} and Chyu, {Minking K.} and Das, {Sarit K.} and {Di Paola}, Roberto and Yulong Ding and Frank Dubois and Grzegorz Dzido and Jacob Eapen and Werner Escher and Denis Funfschilling and Quentin Galand and Jinwei Gao and Gharagozloo, {Patricia E.} and Goodson, {Kenneth E.} and Gutierrez, {Jorge Gustavo} and Haiping Hong and Mark Horton and Hwang, {Kyo Sik} and Iorio, {Carlo S.} and Jang, {Seok Pil} and Jarzebski, {Andrzej B.} and Yiran Jiang and Liwen Jin and Stephan Kabelac and Aravind Kamath and Kedzierski, {Mark A.} and Kieng, {Lim Geok} and Chongyoup Kim and Ji-Hyun Kim and Seokwon Kim and Lee, {Seung Hyun} and Leong, {Kai Choong} and Indranil Manna and Bruno Michel and Rui Ni and Patel, {Hrishikesh E.} and John Philip and Dimos Poulikakos and Cecile Reynaud and Raffaele Savino and Singh, {Pawan K.} and Pengxiang Song and Thirumalachari Sundararajan and Elena Timofeeva and Todd Tritcak and Turanov, {Aleksandr N.} and {Van Vaerenbergh}, Stefan and Dongsheng Wen and Sanjeeva Witharana and Chun Yang and Yeh, {Wei Hsun} and Xiao-Zheng Zhao and Sheng-Qi Zhou",
note = "Funding Information: This work was made possible by the support of the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CBET-0812804. The authors are also grateful to Sasol and W. R. Grace & Co. for donating some of the samples used in INPBE. Special thanks to Mr. Edmund Carlevale of MIT for creating and maintaining the INPBE website. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2009",
doi = "10.1063/1.3245330",
language = "English",
volume = "106",
journal = "Journal of Applied Physics",
issn = "0021-8979",
publisher = "American Institute of Physics",
number = "9",

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Download

TY - JOUR

T1 - A benchmark study on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids

AU - Buongiorno, Jacopo

AU - Venerus, David C.

AU - Prabhat, Naveen

AU - McKrell, Thomas

AU - Townsend, Jessica

AU - Christianson, Rebecca

AU - Tolmachev, Yuriy V.

AU - Keblinski, Pawel

AU - Hu, Lin-Wen

AU - Alvarado, Jorge L.

AU - Bang, In Cheol

AU - Bishnoi, Sandra W.

AU - Bonetti, Marco

AU - Botz, Frank

AU - Cecere, Anselmo

AU - Chang, Yun

AU - Chen, Gang

AU - Chen, Haisheng

AU - Chung, Sung Jae

AU - Chyu, Minking K.

AU - Das, Sarit K.

AU - Di Paola, Roberto

AU - Ding, Yulong

AU - Dubois, Frank

AU - Dzido, Grzegorz

AU - Eapen, Jacob

AU - Escher, Werner

AU - Funfschilling, Denis

AU - Galand, Quentin

AU - Gao, Jinwei

AU - Gharagozloo, Patricia E.

AU - Goodson, Kenneth E.

AU - Gutierrez, Jorge Gustavo

AU - Hong, Haiping

AU - Horton, Mark

AU - Hwang, Kyo Sik

AU - Iorio, Carlo S.

AU - Jang, Seok Pil

AU - Jarzebski, Andrzej B.

AU - Jiang, Yiran

AU - Jin, Liwen

AU - Kabelac, Stephan

AU - Kamath, Aravind

AU - Kedzierski, Mark A.

AU - Kieng, Lim Geok

AU - Kim, Chongyoup

AU - Kim, Ji-Hyun

AU - Kim, Seokwon

AU - Lee, Seung Hyun

AU - Leong, Kai Choong

AU - Manna, Indranil

AU - Michel, Bruno

AU - Ni, Rui

AU - Patel, Hrishikesh E.

AU - Philip, John

AU - Poulikakos, Dimos

AU - Reynaud, Cecile

AU - Savino, Raffaele

AU - Singh, Pawan K.

AU - Song, Pengxiang

AU - Sundararajan, Thirumalachari

AU - Timofeeva, Elena

AU - Tritcak, Todd

AU - Turanov, Aleksandr N.

AU - Van Vaerenbergh, Stefan

AU - Wen, Dongsheng

AU - Witharana, Sanjeeva

AU - Yang, Chun

AU - Yeh, Wei Hsun

AU - Zhao, Xiao-Zheng

AU - Zhou, Sheng-Qi

N1 - Funding Information: This work was made possible by the support of the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CBET-0812804. The authors are also grateful to Sasol and W. R. Grace & Co. for donating some of the samples used in INPBE. Special thanks to Mr. Edmund Carlevale of MIT for creating and maintaining the INPBE website. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - This article reports on the International Nanofluid Property Benchmark Exercise, or INPBE, in which the thermal conductivity of identical samples of colloidally stable dispersions of nanoparticles or "nanofluids," was measured by over 30 organizations worldwide, using a variety of experimental approaches, including the transient hot wire method, steady-state methods, and optical methods. The nanofluids tested in the exercise were comprised of aqueous and nonaqueous basefluids, metal and metal oxide particles, near-spherical and elongated particles, at low and high particle concentrations. The data analysis reveals that the data from most organizations lie within a relatively narrow band (±10% or less) about the sample average with only few outliers. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was found to increase with particle concentration and aspect ratio, as expected from classical theory. There are (small) systematic differences in the absolute values of the nanofluid thermal conductivity among the various experimental approaches; however, such differences tend to disappear when the data are normalized to the measured thermal conductivity of the basefluid. The effective medium theory developed for dispersed particles by Maxwell in 1881 and recently generalized by Nan [J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6692 (1997)], was found to be in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that no anomalous enhancement of thermal conductivity was achieved in the nanofluids tested in this exercise.

AB - This article reports on the International Nanofluid Property Benchmark Exercise, or INPBE, in which the thermal conductivity of identical samples of colloidally stable dispersions of nanoparticles or "nanofluids," was measured by over 30 organizations worldwide, using a variety of experimental approaches, including the transient hot wire method, steady-state methods, and optical methods. The nanofluids tested in the exercise were comprised of aqueous and nonaqueous basefluids, metal and metal oxide particles, near-spherical and elongated particles, at low and high particle concentrations. The data analysis reveals that the data from most organizations lie within a relatively narrow band (±10% or less) about the sample average with only few outliers. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was found to increase with particle concentration and aspect ratio, as expected from classical theory. There are (small) systematic differences in the absolute values of the nanofluid thermal conductivity among the various experimental approaches; however, such differences tend to disappear when the data are normalized to the measured thermal conductivity of the basefluid. The effective medium theory developed for dispersed particles by Maxwell in 1881 and recently generalized by Nan [J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6692 (1997)], was found to be in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that no anomalous enhancement of thermal conductivity was achieved in the nanofluids tested in this exercise.

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