Study design: This dataset contains sampling data from vegetation surveys conducted in 244 sample-plots within 32 lentil and chickpea fields across five organic farms situated in Tuscany, Italy. The sampling was conducted in summer 2022 and 2023. Wild flora was mapped in 1x2m sample-plots following drilled lines with a randomised sampling. Two strata (edge and centre) were sampled with four repetitions each. Furthermore, the dataset offers a detailed overview of the management practices implemented in each field, along with a description of site conditions including soil texture, organic matter content, local weather information during the legume growing period, and the diversity of the landscapes surrounding the fields. Dataset description: The dataset is presented in a single workbook file comprising five sheets. Four of these sheets contain the essential dataset (general information, management details, environment, species list), while an extra sheet contains metadata providing descriptions of the variables. Each entry in the four core data tables corresponds to a sample-plot and is identified uniquely by an ID, which is a combination of two numbers. The whole number before the decimal point serves as the distinct field identifier, and the decimal number indicates the replicate number for the corresponding field. It's worth noting that all sheets, excluding the metadata table, can be connected through the common ID field. Funding: This study is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (FKZ 01DH20007) under the PRIMA (Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area) international funding initiative.