Towards soundscape fingerprinting: Development, analysis and assessment of underlying acoustic dimensions to describe acoustic environments

Publikation: Qualifikations-/Studienabschlussarbeit › Dissertation

Autoren

  • Lutz Jakob Bergner

Organisationseinheiten

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Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
QualifikationDoktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften
Gradverleihende Hochschule
Betreut von
  • Jürgen Karl Peissig, Betreuer*in
Datum der Verleihung des Grades27 Apr. 2023
ErscheinungsortHannover
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 2023

Abstract

Soundscape (nach ISO 12913-1) beschreibt eine akustische Umgebung, wie sie von Menschen im Kontext wahrgenommen wird. Eine ganzheitliche Beurteilung einer Soundscape wird demnach durch Triangulation der Aspekte akustische Umgebung, Person und Kontext hergestellt. Die personenbezogene Bewertung von Soundscapes war und ist bis heute Gegenstand umfangreicher Forschungsarbeiten, die zu einem weitreichendem Verständnis der wichtigsten emotionalen Dimensionen geführt haben. Auf der akustischen Seite sind Parameter weit verbreitet, die die Lautstärke beschreiben. Ergänzt werden diese Parameter oft durch etablierte psychoakustische Größen. Unbekannt ist jedoch, inwieweit diese (psycho-)akustischen Parameter tatsächlich geeignet sind, Soundscapes zu beschreiben und zu vergleichen hinsichtlich den Menschen betreffender Hypothesen. Hierzu soll diese Dissertation einen Beitrag leisten. Der dabei verfolgte Ansatz ist explorativ, empirisch und datenbasiert. Zunächst werden Anforderungen an das Ziel – die Beschreibung akustischer Umgebungen – definiert und mit Konzepten aus aktuellen Forschungsgebieten ergänzt. Anschließend wird eine Methodik entwickelt, die es erlaubt, fundamentale akustische Dimensionen zu identifizieren auf der Basis empirischer Beobachtungsdaten realer akustischer Umgebungen und mit Hilfe multivariater statistischer Methoden. Sie enthält Überlegungen zum physikalischen Schallfeld, zur menschlichen Hörwahrnehmung sowie zu geeigneten Signalverarbeitungstechniken. Die Methodik wird anschließend auf einen beispielhaften Datensatz von Ambisonics Soundscape-Aufnahmen angewandt. Die resultierenden akustischen Dimensionen werden hinsichtlich ihrer Plausibilität und wahrnehmungsbezogenen Konsistenz diskutiert. Schließlich werden zwei Anwendungsbeispiele vorgestellt, um die Methodik weiter zu validieren und um die Anwendbarkeit der akustischen Dimensionen in konkreten Forschungsszenarien zu testen. Hierbei kann festgestellt werden, dass die gefundenen Dimensionen einen hohen Grad an Varianz akustischer Umgebungen erklären können und gut interpretierbar sind. Sie bilden somit eine geeignete Grundlage für die hier dargestellte Analyse von Soundscapes. Die Methodik ist dabei variabel erweiterbar, sodass vielfältige Anwendungen und Forschungsarbeiten bzgl. akustischer Umgebungen ermöglicht werden.

Zitieren

Towards soundscape fingerprinting: Development, analysis and assessment of underlying acoustic dimensions to describe acoustic environments. / Bergner, Lutz Jakob.
Hannover, 2023. 105 S.

Publikation: Qualifikations-/Studienabschlussarbeit › Dissertation

Bergner, LJ 2023, 'Towards soundscape fingerprinting: Development, analysis and assessment of underlying acoustic dimensions to describe acoustic environments', Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover. https://doi.org/10.15488/13578
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abstract = "Soundscape according to the definition in ISO 12913-1 describes an acoustic environment as perceived by humans in context. In order to be able to assess a soundscape holistically, the components acoustic environment, person and context should be described sufficiently to enable triangulation. Person-based soundscape assessment has been the subject of extensive research over the past decades to date, leading to a good understanding of the main emotional dimensions. On the acoustic side, e.g., in modeling emotional responses by acoustic features, parameters describing loudness are widely used, also from the point of view of legal regulations. These parameters are often complemented by established psychoacoustic measures. However, it is unknown to what extent these parameters are suitable to adequately describe and compare acoustic environments for hypotheses concerning humans. The presented dissertation aims to contribute to this field by means of an exploratory, empirical, and data-based approach. First, the general requirements of the aim – the description of acoustic environments – are defined and accompanied with concepts and findings from current research areas. Subsequently a methodology is developed that allows for the identification of underlying acoustic dimensions on the basis of empirical observational data of real world acoustic environments by means of multivariate statistical methods. It contains considerations on the physical sound field, the human auditory system, as well as appropriate signal processing techniques. The methodology is then applied to an exemplary extensive dataset of various Ambisonics soundscape recordings. The resulting expressions of the acoustic dimensions are evaluated and discussed with respect to plausibility and perceptual consistency. Finally, two application examples are presented to further validate the methodology and to test the applicability of acoustic dimensions in concrete research scenarios. It was found that the presented methodology is suitable to identify dimensions for the description of acoustic environments. Furthermore, the dimensions found form a suitable basis for further soundscape analyses.",
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