The Change of Motives to Become and to be a Party Member. An Empirical Analysis of the German Party Membership Studies 1998, 2009 and 2017

Publikation: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Artikel › Forschung › Peer-Review

Autoren

  • Yvonne Lüdecke
  • Markus Klein
  • Frederik Springer
  • Philipp Bernhold
  • Lisa Czeczinski
  • Bastian Schmidt

Organisationseinheiten

Externe Organisationen

  • Technische Universität München (TUM)
  • Landtag Nordrhein-Westfalen
  • Universität Siegen
Forschungs-netzwerk anzeigen

Details

Titel in ÜbersetzungDer Wandel der Motive für den Parteibeitritt und die Parteimitgliedschaft. : Eine empirische Analyse der Deutschen Parteimitgliederstudien 1998, 2009 und 2017
OriginalspracheEnglisch
Seiten (von - bis)473-498
Seitenumfang26
FachzeitschriftKolner Zeitschrift fur Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie
Jahrgang74
Ausgabenummer4
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Dez. 2022

Abstract

In diesem Beitrag wird die These aufgestellt, dass selektive ergebnisbezogene Anreize für die Parteimitgliedschaft im Laufe der Zeit an Bedeutung gewinnen. Als Ursache für diesen Bedeutungszuwachs werden zwei mögliche Mechanismen identifiziert: ein angebotsseitiger Mechanismus, der auf gesellschaftlichen Veränderungsprozessen im Zuge der Generationensukzession beruht, und ein nachfrageseitiger Mechanismus, der sich auf Veränderungen im Selbstverständnis und in der Organisationsstruktur der politischen Parteien bezieht. Der angebotsseitige Mechanismus sollte zu Veränderungen in den Motiven potenzieller Mitglieder führen, während der nachfrageseitige Mechanismus die Anreize verändert, denen potenzielle und aktuelle Mitglieder ausgesetzt sind.

Die empirischen Analysen basieren auf den Deutschen Parteimitgliederstudien von 1998, 2009 und 2017. Bei diesen drei Studien handelt es sich um bundesweite repräsentative Befragungen der Mitglieder der folgenden sechs Parteien: Christlich Demokratische Union (CDU), Christlich Soziale Union (CSU), Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD), Freie Demokratische Partei (FDP), Bündnis90/Die Grünen und Die Linke. Im Rahmen der Deutschen Parteimitgliederstudien werden sowohl die Motive für den Parteieintritt als auch die aktuellen Mitgliedschaftsmotive erhoben.

Empirisch zeigt sich, dass die Bedeutung selektiver ergebnisbezogener Motive für die Mitgliedschaft im Untersuchungszeitraum tatsächlich zunimmt. Die Mechanismen, die hinter diesem Bedeutungszuwachs stehen, werden mit Hilfe von multivariaten Alters-Perioden-Kohorten (APK)-Modellen auf der Basis der kumulierten Daten der Deutschen Parteimitgliederstudien untersucht. Diese Analysen beruhen auf insgesamt fast 30.000 Fällen. Die Ergebnisse der APK-Analysen sind weitgehend konsistent mit der angebotsseitigen Erklärung der gestiegenen Bedeutung selektiver ergebnisbezogener Motive für den Parteieintritt und die Mitgliedschaft. Die nachfrageseitige Erklärung wird nur teilweise bestätigt.

Schlagwörter

    APC analysis, Candidate recruitment, General Incentives Model, Political ambition, Selective outcome incentives

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Zitieren

The Change of Motives to Become and to be a Party Member. An Empirical Analysis of the German Party Membership Studies 1998, 2009 and 2017. / Lüdecke, Yvonne; Klein, Markus; Springer, Frederik et al.
in: Kolner Zeitschrift fur Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, Jahrgang 74, Nr. 4, 12.2022, S. 473-498.

Publikation: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Artikel › Forschung › Peer-Review

Lüdecke Y, Klein M, Springer F, Bernhold P, Czeczinski L, Schmidt B. The Change of Motives to Become and to be a Party Member. An Empirical Analysis of the German Party Membership Studies 1998, 2009 and 2017. Kolner Zeitschrift fur Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie. 2022 Dez;74(4):473-498. doi: 10.1007/s11577-022-00867-y, 10.15488/16284
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title = "The Change of Motives to Become and to be a Party Member.: An Empirical Analysis of the German Party Membership Studies 1998, 2009 and 2017",
abstract = "In this paper, the thesis is put forward that selective outcome incentives for party membership gain relevance over time. Two possible mechanisms are identified as the cause of this increase in importance: a supply-side mechanism based on processes of societal change that took place through generational succession and a demand-side mechanism focusing on shifts in the self-image and organizational structure of political parties. The supply-side mechanism should lead to changes in the motives of potential members, whereas the demand-side mechanism alters the incentives potential and current members are exposed to. The empirical analyses are based on the German Party Membership Studies of 1998, 2009 and 2017. These three studies are nationwide representative surveys of the members of the following six parties: Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Christian Social Union (CSU), Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), Free Democratic Party (FDP), Alliance90/The Greens (B{\"u}ndnis90/Die Gr{\"u}nen), and The Left (Die Linke). Within the German Party Membership Studies, both the motives for joining the party and the current membership motives are surveyed. Empirically, it is shown that there is indeed an increase in the importance of selective outcome membership motives over the period under study. The mechanisms behind this increase in importance are investigated using multivariate Age-Period-Cohort (APC) models based on the cumulated data of the German Party Membership Studies. These analyses are based on a total of nearly 30,000 cases. The results of the APC analyses are largely consistent with the supply-side explanation of the increased importance of selective outcome motives for party entry and membership. The demand-side explanation is only partially confirmed.",
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T1 - The Change of Motives to Become and to be a Party Member.

T2 - An Empirical Analysis of the German Party Membership Studies 1998, 2009 and 2017

AU - Lüdecke, Yvonne

AU - Klein, Markus

AU - Springer, Frederik

AU - Bernhold, Philipp

AU - Czeczinski, Lisa

AU - Schmidt, Bastian

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the DFG (grant number: KL 1385/2-1 and SP 1645/1-1). The DFG was not involved in decisions about the research process or the publication.

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N2 - In this paper, the thesis is put forward that selective outcome incentives for party membership gain relevance over time. Two possible mechanisms are identified as the cause of this increase in importance: a supply-side mechanism based on processes of societal change that took place through generational succession and a demand-side mechanism focusing on shifts in the self-image and organizational structure of political parties. The supply-side mechanism should lead to changes in the motives of potential members, whereas the demand-side mechanism alters the incentives potential and current members are exposed to. The empirical analyses are based on the German Party Membership Studies of 1998, 2009 and 2017. These three studies are nationwide representative surveys of the members of the following six parties: Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Christian Social Union (CSU), Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), Free Democratic Party (FDP), Alliance90/The Greens (Bündnis90/Die Grünen), and The Left (Die Linke). Within the German Party Membership Studies, both the motives for joining the party and the current membership motives are surveyed. Empirically, it is shown that there is indeed an increase in the importance of selective outcome membership motives over the period under study. The mechanisms behind this increase in importance are investigated using multivariate Age-Period-Cohort (APC) models based on the cumulated data of the German Party Membership Studies. These analyses are based on a total of nearly 30,000 cases. The results of the APC analyses are largely consistent with the supply-side explanation of the increased importance of selective outcome motives for party entry and membership. The demand-side explanation is only partially confirmed.

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KW - Candidate recruitment

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